Modification of fatty acid metabolism in plants

C - Chemistry – Metallurgy – 12 – N

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C12N 15/52 (2006.01) A01H 5/00 (2006.01) C12N 15/82 (2006.01)

Patent

CA 2322729

Methods and systems to modify fatty acid biosynthesis and oxidation in plants to make new polymers are provided. Two enzymes are essential: a hydratase such as D-specific enoyl-CoA hydratase, for example, the hydratase obtained from Aeromonas caviae, and a .beta.-oxidation enzyme system. Some plants have a .beta.-oxidation enzyme system which is sufficient to modify polymer synthesis when the plants are engineered to express the hydratase. Examples demonstrate production of polymer by expression of these enzymes in transgenic plants. Examples also demonstrate that modifications in fatty acid biosynthesis can be used to alter plant phenotypes, decreasing or eliminating seed production and increasing green plant biomass, as well as producing polyhydroxyalkanoates.

Cette invention se rapporte à des procédés et à des systèmes pour modifier la biosynthèse et l'oxydation des acides gras dans les plantes, afin de produire de nouveaux polymères. Deux enzymes sont essentielles à cet effet: une hydratase, telle que l'hydratase énoyl-CoA D-spécifique, par exemple l'hydratase tirée de l'Aeromonas caviae, et un système d'enzyme de .beta.-oxydation. Certaines plantes ont un système d'enzyme de .beta.-oxydation qui est suffisant pour modifier la synthèse des polymères, lorsque les plantes sont modifiées génétiquement pour exprimer l'hydratase. Certains exemples montrent que la production de polymère peut se faire par l'expression de ces enzymes dans des plantes transgéniques. Des exemples montrent également que des modifications dans la biosynthèse des acides gras peuvent servir à modifier les phénotypes de la plante, ce qui entraîne une diminution ou une élimination de la production des graines et un accroissement de la biomasse verte de la plante, ainsi qu'une production de polyhydroxyalcanoates.

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