Method for purifying hydrocyanic acid

Details Method for purifying hydrocyanic acid Method for purifying hydrocyanic acid

C - Chemistry, Metallurgy

01

C

C01C 3/02 (2006.01) C01C 3/04 (2006.01) C07C 253/00 (2006.01)

Patent

CA 2522520

The invention relates to a method for dehydrating hydrocyanic acid by distillation. Said method is characterised in that a crude hydrocyanic acid containing between 50 and 99.9 wt. % HCN, between 0.1 and 40 wt. % water, between 0 and 15 wt. % carbon oxides and optionally between 0.01 and 1 wt. % non-volatile stabiliser is distilled in a distillation column at a pressure of between 1 bar and 2.5 bar, a sump temperature of between 100 ~C and 130 ~C and a head temperature of between 25 ~C and 54 ~C in the absence of a volatile stabiliser. A discharge stream, containing purified anhydrous hydrocyanic acid and carbon oxides is thus obtained from the head and a discharge stream containing water and optionally the non-volatile stabiliser is obtained from the sump.

L'invention concerne un procédé de déshydratation d'acide cyanhydrique par distillation, caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à distiller, dans une colonne de distillation, de l'acide cyanhydrique brut contenant entre 50 et 99 % en poids d'HCN, entre 0,1 et 40 % en poids d'eau, entre 0 et 15 % en poids d'oxydes de carbone et éventuellement entre 0,01 et 1 % en poids d'un stabilisant non volatil, à une pression comprise entre 1 et 2,5 bars, à une température au bas de la colonne comprise entre 100 ·C et 130 ·C et une température à la tête de la colonne comprise entre 25 ·C et 54 ·C, en l'absence d'un stabilisant volatil. Selon l'invention, l'on obtient un courant de distillation à la tête de la colonne qui contient de l'acide cyanhydrique anhydre purifié et des oxydes de carbone, ainsi qu'un courant de distillation au bas de la colonne qui contient de l'eau et éventuellement le stabilisant peu volatil.

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