Process and device for treating air polluted by volatile...

B - Operations – Transporting – 01 – D

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B01D 53/84 (2006.01) B01D 53/44 (2006.01) B01D 53/72 (2006.01) B01D 53/85 (2006.01)

Patent

CA 2211564

This invention is related to a process for the biofiltration treatment of gaseous fluids containing volatile organic pollutants, such as volatile organic solvents (VOS). The biofilter is made from a combination of microorganisms selected for their great ability to degrade BTEXs (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylenes) and alcohols. These microorganisms are inoculated on a vertical filter bed made up of (i) pelletized peat; (ii) a non-compactable and binding agent such as PVA, guar gum, polyacrylic acid, polyacrylamide, a silicate or cement; (iii) a buffering agent to enable microorganisms to adhere to the peat/binder mixture; (iv) a moisture-retaining material; and (v) a finishing material adsorbing the degraded pollutants not converted into non-polluting products, before the gaseous fluid is released into the environment. The pollutant-loaded gaseous fluid is introduced at the bottom of the biofilter and comes up through the filter bed, which captures the pollutants and converts them into carbon dioxide and water. The process, biofilter and treatment system have the capacity to eliminate 165 g/m3.h of toluene from a pollutant load of 200 g/m3.h. The system is inexpensive, compact, effective and easy to operate

Cette invention est reliée à un procédé de traitement par biofiltration d'un fluide gazeux comprenant des polluants organiques volatiles, tels que solvants organiques volatiles (SOV). Le biofiltre est composé d'un consortium de microorganismes sélectionnés pour leur grande capacité de dégrader les BTEX (benzène, toluène, éthylbenzène, xylènes) et les alcools. Avantageusement, ces microorganismes sont inoculés sur un lit filtrant vertical composé de (i) tourbegranulée; (ii) d'un matériau non-compactable et liant comme le PVA, la gomme de guar, l'acide polyacrylique, le polyacrylamide, un silicate ou du ciment; (iii) un agent tampon pour permettre d'adhésion des microorganismes sur le mélange tourbe/liant; (iv) un matériau retenant l'humidité; et (v) un matériau de finition adsorbant les polluants dégradés ayant échappé à une conversion en produits non-polluants, avant la relâche du fluide gazeux dans l'environnement. Le fluidegazeux chargé en polluants est introduit au bas du biofiltre et remonte en traversant le lit filtrant qui en capture les polluants et les convertit en dioxide de carbone et en eau. Le procédé, le biofiltre et le système de traitement permettent une capacité d'élimination d'environ 165 g/m3.h de toluène pour une charge de 200 g/m3.h. Le système est peu dispendieux, compact, efficace, et facile à opérer.

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