Additives and method for controlling clathrate hydrates in...

E - Fixed Constructions – 21 – B

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E21B 37/06 (2006.01) C09K 8/52 (2006.01) C10L 3/00 (2006.01) C10L 3/10 (2006.01) F15D 1/00 (2006.01) F17D 1/02 (2006.01)

Patent

CA 2191200

Discussed is a process for preventing clathrate hydrate masses from detrimentally impeding the possible flow of a fluid susceptible to clathrate hydrate formation. The process is particularly useful in the natural gas and petroleum production, transportation and processing industry where gas hydrate formation can cause serious problems. Additives preferably contain one or more five member, six member and/or seven member cyclic chemical groupings. Additives include polymers having lactam rings. Additives can also contain polyeletrolytes that are believed to improve conformance of polymer additives through steric hinderance and/or charge repulsion. Also, polymers having an amide on which a C1-C4 group is attached to the nitrogen and/or the carbonyl carbon of the amide may be used alone, or in combination with ring-containing polymers for enhanced effectiveness. Polymers having at least some repeating units representative of polymerizing at least one of an oxazoline, an N- substituted acrylamide and an N-vinyl alkyl amide are preferred.

Procédé permettant d'empêcher des masses d'hydrates de clathrate de bloquer de manière défavorable l'écoulement d'un fluide susceptible de former des hydrates de clathrate. Ce procédé est tout particulièrement utile dans la production, le transport et le traitement du gaz naturel et du pétrole, dans lesquels la formation d'hydrates gazeux peut causer de graves problèmes. Les additifs contiennent de préférence au moins un groupement chimique cyclique à cinq, six et/ou sept éléments. Les additifs comprennent des polymères contenant des cycles lactame, et peuvent également contenir des polyélectrolytes supposés améliorer la conformité des additifs polymères par empêchement stérique et/ou répulsion des charges. On peut également utiliser seuls des polymères comprenant un amide sur lequel un groupe C¿1?-C¿4? est attaché à l'atome d'azote et/ou de carbone carbonyle, ou en combinaison avec des polymères contenant des cycles pour une efficacité renforcée. Les polymères préférés sont ceux comprenant au moins quelques unités répétitives représentatives de la polymérisation d'au moins une oxazoline, un acrylamide à substitution N et un amide de N-vinyle alkyle.

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