Aluminium electrowinning with metal-based anodes

C - Chemistry – Metallurgy – 25 – C

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C25C 3/06 (2006.01) C25C 3/12 (2006.01)

Patent

CA 2393429

A process for the electrowinning of aluminium from alumina dissolved in a fluoride-based molten electrolyte in a cell operating at reduced temperature, typically below 870~C, utilising nickel-alloy based anodes, in particular nickel-iron alloy anodes. The electrolyte contains AlF3 in such a high concentration, usually above 20 weight%, in addition to cryolite, that fluorine-containing ions rather than oxygen ions are oxidised on the anodes. However, only oxygen is evolved, the evolved oxygen being derived from the dissolved alumina present near the anodes. The anodes may be porous at the surface so as to provide a high active surface area for operation at low current density.

La présente invention concerne un procédé permettant l'extraction électrolytique d'aluminium à partir d'alumine dissoute dans un électrolyte fondu à base de fluorure dans une cellule fonctionnant à température réduite, habituellement inférieure à 870 ·C, à l'aide d'anodes en alliage de nickel, en particulier d'anodes en alliage de nickel et de fer. L'électrolyte contient de l'AlF¿3? en une concentration tellement élevée, en général supérieure à 20 % en poids, en plus de la cryolite, que ce sont les ions contenant du fluor plutôt que les ions oxygène qui s'oxydent sur les anodes. Cependant, seul l'oxygène est dégagé, l'oxygène dégagé étant dérivé de l'alumine dissoute présente à proximité des anodes. Les anodes peuvent être poreuses en surface de façon qu'elles fournissent une surface active importante permettant un fonctionnement à une faible densité de courant.

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