F - Mech Eng,Light,Heat,Weapons – 28 – D
Patent
F - Mech Eng,Light,Heat,Weapons
28
D
F28D 7/00 (2006.01) B01J 8/00 (2006.01) B01J 8/02 (2006.01) B01J 8/04 (2006.01) B01J 8/06 (2006.01) B01J 19/00 (2006.01) B01J 19/24 (2006.01) C01B 3/16 (2006.01) C01B 3/38 (2006.01) C01B 3/48 (2006.01) C01B 3/58 (2006.01)
Patent
CA 2436868
The methods and apparatus for heating a catalyst bed (410) for start-up and for providing heat to a catalyst bed (410) during transient operation to maintain desired reaction temperatures. An electrical heating element (400) may directly or indirectly heat the catalyst. The direct heating of catalyst is achieved by having direct contact of the heater element (400) with the catalyst. Indirect heating is achieved by direct heating of a fluid, such as a process flow, which in turn flows through the catalyst, thereby transferring heat to the catalyst. Additionally, indirect heating may be achieved by placing the heating element (400) within a sheath that is then either in direct contact with the catalyst or fluid that flows through the catalyst. By these means, catalyst of many forms may employ this catalyst heater (400), including pellets, extrudates, spheres, and monoliths. The catalyst heater (400) in accordance with this invention can be made of any resistive wire, cartridges, or rods that may be coupled to a power source to provide the energy to produce the heat.
L'invention porte sur des procédés et appareils de chauffage d'un lit de catalyseur (410) lors du démarrage ou pour maintenir les températures nécessaires à la réaction pendant les opérations transitoires. Un élément chauffant électrique (400) peut chauffer directement ou indirectement le catalyseur. Le chauffage direct du catalyseur s'opère en mettant l'élément chauffant (400) directement en contact avec le catalyseur. Le chauffage indirect s'opère soit par chauffage direct d'un fluide par exemple d'un fluide de processus qui traverse ensuite le catalyseur auquel il cède sa chaleur, en plaçant l'élément chauffant (400) dans une gaine qui est en contact direct avec le catalyseur, ou avec le fluide traversant le catalyseur. Avec cette technique l'élément chauffant peut utiliser de nombreuses formes de catalyseurs dont des pastilles, des extrudats, des sphères et des monolithes. L'élément chauffant (400) peut consister en fils, cartouches ou barreaux résistants pouvant être reliés à une alimentation pour fournir l'énergie génératrice de chaleur.
Krause Curtis
Martin Paul
Phan Jennifer L.
Scott T. Glenn
Stevens James F.
Sim & Mcburney
Texaco Development Corporation
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