Aqueous emulsion fuels from petroleum residuum-based fuel oils

C - Chemistry – Metallurgy – 10 – L

Patent

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C10L 1/32 (2006.01)

Patent

CA 2293249

An aqueous macroemulsion to be used in place of petroleum residuum-based fuel oils such as No. 4, No. 5, and No. 6 fuel oils, as well as the vacuum residuum from the fraction distillation of petroleum, is formed by emulsifying the fuel oil with water or an aqueous liquid, the fuel oil forming the dispersed phase and the aqueous liquid forming the continuous phase. An emulsion stabilizer, and optionally various other additives, notably a lower alkyl alcohol, are included to stabilize the properties of the emulsion. The emulsion is prepared by heating the fuel oil, particularly No. 6 fuel oil, and the water to a temperature above about 60 ~C, and combining the two heated liquids in an appropriate ratio and shearing the mixture to form the macroemulsion. The macroemulsion offers numerous advantages over the fuel oil itself including the fact that it can be pumped at ambient temperature rather than requiring heating, and that it is a clean-burning fuel with significantly lower emission of NOx and other pollutants and contaminants.

Macroémulsion aqueuse conçue pour être utilisée à la place de combustibles liquides basés sur un résiduum de pétrole, tels que des combustibles liquides n· 4, 5 et 6, ainsi que le résiduum de vide provenant de la distillation fractionnaire de pétrole, qu'on obtient par émulsification du combustible liquide avec de l'eau ou un liquide aqueux, le combustible liquide constituant la phase dispersée et le liquide aqueux constituant la phase continue. Un stabilisateur d'émulsion et, éventuellement, différents autres additifs, notamment un alcool d'alkyle inférieur, servent à stabiliser les propriétés de l'émulsion. On prépare cette émulsion par réchauffement du combustible liquide, en particulier du combustible liquide n·6, et de l'eau à une température supérieure à 60 ·C, par combinaison des deux liquides réchauffés selon un rapport approprié, puis cisaillement du mélange afin d'obtenir la macroémulsion. Cette dernière possède de nombreux avantages par rapport au combustible liquide lui-même, étant donné qu'elle présente notamment une possibilité de pompage à température ambiante plutôt qu'en présence de chaleur et qu'elle consiste en un combustible à combustion propre et considérablement limitée en émissions de NO¿x? et d'autres polluants et contaminants.

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