Arrangement for sealing between two parts of a hydraulic...

F - Mech Eng,Light,Heat,Weapons – 03 – B

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F03B 11/00 (2006.01) F16J 15/34 (2006.01) F16J 15/44 (2006.01)

Patent

CA 2668482

Owing to the operating states in turbomachinery, effective and at the same time simple seals between parts of turbomachinery such as this which can move relative to one another, for example a rotor of a turbine and a turbine casing, have been impossible, or possible only in a highly restricted form. As a consequence, it was necessary to accept certain efficiency losses caused by gap-water and friction losses. In the case of known seals, in which a sealing element floats on two hydrostatic bearings with respect to parts which can move relative to one another, which hydrostatic bearings are virtually sealed and are nevertheless of very simple design, large sealing water pumps are required, however, in order to make it possible to provide the pressures which are required for operation of a seal such as this. The present invention overcomes this problem by providing a restriction device (37) in the hydraulic connection (30) between the first hydraulic bearing (22) and the second hydraulic bearing (23), which restriction device (37) makes it possible to set a pressure loss of at least 1%, preferably at least 5% and preferably at least 10% between the first hydraulic bearing (22) and the second hydraulic bearing (23), with respect to the pressure difference (po-pu) which is to be sealed and exists in the vicinity of the sealing element (20).

Du fait des conditions de fonctionnement des turbomachines, il n'était pas possible, ou seulement de façon très limitée, de réaliser des joints d'étanchéité à la fois efficaces et simples entre des parties mobiles l'une par rapport à l'autre d'une turbomachine, par exemple un rotor d'une turbine et un carter de turbine. Il fallait donc accepter qu'il puisse se produire des dégradations du rendement dues à des pertes d'eau interstitielle et de friction. Dans le cas de joints d'étanchéité connus où un élément d'étanchéité flotte par rapport aux parties mobiles l'une par rapport à l'autre sur deux paliers hydrostatiques et qui sont quasiment étanches et cependant d'une structure très simple, on a besoin de pompes d'eau de barrage de grande taille pour pouvoir fournir les pressions nécessaires pour le fonctionnement d'un tel joint d'étanchéité. L'invention remédie à ce problème par le fait qu'un dispositif d'étranglement (37) est prévu dans la liaison hydraulique (30) entre le premier palier hydraulique (22) et le deuxième palier hydraulique (23), dispositif qui permet de régler entre le premier palier hydraulique (22) et le deuxième palier hydraulique (23) une perte de pression, relativement à la différence de pression à étancher (po - pu) qui règne au niveau de l'élément d'étanchéité (20), supérieure à au moins 1 %, de préférence à au moins 5 % et d'une manière particulièrement préférée à au moins 10 %.

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