Biodegradable particles

C - Chemistry – Metallurgy – 08 – G

Patent

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Details

C08G 81/00 (2006.01) A61K 9/16 (2006.01) A61K 9/51 (2006.01) A61K 47/48 (2006.01) A61K 49/00 (2006.01) A61K 49/22 (2006.01) A61K 51/06 (2006.01) A61K 51/12 (2006.01) C07K 17/08 (2006.01) C08G 63/664 (2006.01)

Patent

CA 2167921

Particles are provided that are not rapidly cleared from the blood stream by the macrophages of the reticuloendothelial system, and that can be modified to achieve variable release rates or to target specific cells or organs. The particles have a biodegradable solid core containing a biologically active material and poly(alkylene glycol) moieties on the surface. The terminal hydroxyl group of the poly(alkylene glycol) can be used to covalently attach onto the surface of the particles biologically active molecules, including antibodies targeted to specific cells or organs or molecules affecting the charge, lipophilicity or hydrophilicity of the particle. The surface of the particle can also be modified by attaching biodegradable polymers of the same structure as those forming the core of the particles. The typical size of the particles is between 1 nm and 1000 nm, preferably between 1 nm and 100 nm, although microparticles can also be formed as described herein. The particles can include magnetic particles or radiopaque materials, such as air and other gases, for diagnostic imaging, biologically active molecules to be delivered to a site or compounds for targeting the particles. The particles have a prolonged half-life in the blood compared to particles not containing poly(alkylene glycol) moieties on the surface.

L'invention porte sur des particules qui ne sont pas rapidement éliminées du flux sanguin par les macrophages du système réticuloendothélial, et qui peuvent être modifiées pour obtenir des taux de libération variables ou pour viser des cellules ou organes spécifiques. Les particles ont un noyau solide biodégradable contenant de la matière biologiquement active et des fractions de poly(alkylène glycol) sur sa surface. Le groupe hydroxyle terminal du poly(alkylène glycol) permet la liaison covalente des molécules biologiquement actives sur la surface des particules, mais aussi des anticorps ayant pour cible des cellules ou organes spécifiques, ou des molécules affectant la charge, la lipophilie ou l'hydrophilie de la particule. Il est aussi possible de modifier la surface de la particule en fixant des polymères biodégradables de la même structure que ceux qui constituent le coeur des particules. La taille type des particules est comprise entre 1 nm et 1000 nm, généralement entre 1 nm et 100 nm, encore que des microparticules peuvent aussi se constituer selon le processus décrit ci-dessus. Parmi les particules en question peuvent figurer des particules magnétiques ou des matières radiopaques telles que l'air et d'autres gaz, utilisables pour l'imagerie diagnostique, des molécules biologiquement actives à délivrer sur un site, ou des composés ayant ces particules pour cible. Ces particules ont une demi-vie dans le sang prolongée par rapport aux particules ne comportant pas de fractions poly(alkylène glycol) en surface.

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