G - Physics – 01 – N
Patent
G - Physics
01
N
324/23
G01N 33/566 (2006.01) G01N 27/22 (2006.01) G01N 33/543 (2006.01) G01N 33/545 (2006.01)
Patent
CA 1259374
ABSTRACT An apparatus for detecting the presence and/or measuring the concentration of an analyte in the fluid medium is disclosed. The apparatus relies on biospecific binding between a biochemical binding system and the analyte to change the dielectric constant within a first volumetric region of a capacitive affinity sensor. In one embodiment referred to as the direct binding configuration, a binding agent, such as an antibody, is immobilized on the surface of an "open" capacitor. An analyte such as a specific bacteria, virus, or large molecule is drawn to the surface of the capacitor through specific biochemical binding with the antibody and alters the dielectric of the capacitor. In a second, competitive binding configuration, the analyte or its analog is immobilized on the surface of the "open" capacitor and has specifically bound to it a binding molecule, such as a specific antibody. When free analyte under test is introduced into the system it competitively displaces the binding molecule from the immobilized analyte until equilibrium is reached. Movement of the binding molecule from the capacitor's surface alters the dielectric of the capacitor. The "open" capacitor is designed so that the displaced binding molecule has a short diffusion distance from the capacitor surface, where the electrical field intensity is high, to an area where the electrical field is low. Such movement of the binding molecule causes the displacement of fluid molecules having a higher dielectric constant which thereby alters the capacitor's dielectric properties.
523122
Macrae & Co.
The Johns Hopkins University
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