Carbides and nitrides of transition elements with controlled...

B - Operations – Transporting – 01 – J

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B01J 27/22 (2006.01) B01J 27/24 (2006.01) B01J 35/10 (2006.01) B01J 37/00 (2006.01)

Patent

CA 2219797

The present invention relates to a preparation method of carbides and nitrides of transition elements in extruded shape and from their oxides, with controlled porous volume and distribution. The meso and macroporous are generated by polymeric organic molecules such as microcrystalline cellulose, which after being burned form a more opened porous structure. The molding process involves the obtention of intermediate compounds that are susceptible to peptization and later extrusion. The preparation of these compounds, with porous diameter greater than 50 angstroms, implies in a range of catalytic reactions applications since more opened porous structures allow the catalytic process of larger molecules. Besides, in this way, there are less problems related to heat and mass diffusion processes. Problems which appear when dealing with very active catalysts and/or very exothermic reactions.

L'invention concerne un procédé de préparation de carbures et de nitrures d'éléments de transition sous forme extrudée à partir de leurs oxydes et dont le volume et la répartition des pores est commandée. Les mésopores et les macropores sont générés par des molécules organiques polymères, telle que de la cellulose microcristalline, qui, après combustion, constituent une structure poreuse plus ouverte. Le procédé de moulage permet d'obtenir des composés intermédiaires susceptibles d'être soumis à une peptisation et à une extrusion ultérieure. La préparation de ces composés, dont les pores présentent un diamètre supérieur à 50 angströms, est réalisée dans une succession de réactions catalytiques étant donné que des structures poreuses plus ouvertes permettent d'effectuer le traitement catalytique de molécules plus importantes. De plus, ce procédé permet de limiter les problèmes posés par des traitements thermiques et de diffusion en masse et apparaissant avec des catalyseurs très actifs et/ou des réactions extrêmement exothermiques.

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