Carbon-coated li-containing powders and process for...

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H01M 4/525 (2010.01) H01M 4/131 (2010.01) H01M 4/1391 (2010.01) H01M 4/485 (2010.01) C09C 3/10 (2006.01) H01M 4/62 (2006.01) C01B 25/30 (2006.01) C01B 25/45 (2006.01)

Patent

CA 2490091

The invention provides a new route for the synthesis of carbon-coated powders having the olivine or NASICON structure, which form promising classes of active products for the manufacture of rechargeable lithium batteries. Carbon- coating of the powder particles is necessary to achieve good performances because of the rather poor electronic conductivity of said structures. For the preparation of coated LiFePO4, sources of Li, Fe and phosphate are dissolved in an aqueous solution together with a polycarboxylic acid and a polyhydric alcohol. Upon water evaporation, polyesterification occurs while a mixed precipitate is formed containing Li, Fe and phosphate. The resin-encapsulated mixture is then heat treated at 700 ~C in a reducing atmosphere. This results in the production of a fine powder consisting of an olivine LiFePO4 phase, coated with conductive carbon. When this powder is used as active material in a lithium insertion-type electrode, fast charge and discharge rates are obtained at room temperature and an excellent capacity retention is observed.

La présente invention a trait à un nouveau procédé permettant la synthèse de poudres carbonées présentant une structure de type olivine ou NASICON, qui constituent des catégories intéressantes de produits actifs pour la fabrication de batteries au lithium. Il est nécessaire d'enrober les particules de poudre avec du carbone pour obtenir de bons rendements étant donné la conductivité électronique relativement faible de telles structures. La préparation de LiFePO¿4? carboné consiste en la dissolution de sources de lithium, de fer et de phosphate dans une solution aqueuse avec un acide polycarboxylique et un polyol. Lors de l'évaporation de l'eau, il se produit une polyestérification accompagnée de la formation d'un précipité contenant du lithium, du fer et du phosphate. Le mélange encapsulé de résine est ensuite soumis à un traitement thermique à 700 ·C sous atmosphère réductrice. Cela entraîne la production d'une poudre fine constituée d'une phase LiFePO¿4? olivine, enrobée de carbone conducteur. Lors de l'utilisation de la poudre comme matière active dans une électrode du type à lithium intégré, on obtient des taux de charge rapide à la température ambiante et on note une excellente capacité de rétention.

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