Catalytic oxidation of hydrogen sulfide (h2s) to ammonium...

C - Chemistry – Metallurgy – 01 – C

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C01C 1/247 (2006.01)

Patent

CA 2188063

This invention is based on the catalytic, high pressure - moderate temperature oxidation of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) to ammonium sulfate ((NH4)2SO4) in ammoniacal (NH3) solutions by using air or oxygen (O2) as the oxidant. The present invention has significant commercial potential for the utilization of H2S, which is an alternative to the existing Claus processes which oxidizes H2S to elemental sulfur (S). This invention is considered as an alternative to the Claus process. The present invention uses the inorganic or organic salts of the transition state elements as disposable or supported catalyst in homogeneous or heterogeneous phases. The present invention covers a wide range of reactor operating conditions such as temperature, pressure, catalyst type, catalyst support material, catalyst concentration, feed gas flow rate, feed gas composition, feed gas temperature, reactor geometry, reactor operating mode (reactor steps, parallel or counter flow, fixed bed, fluid bed, spouted bed, batch, semi-batch, continuous flow, radial flow, plug flow, axially mixed-axial flow, recycle, etc.) for the catalytic oxidation of H2S to (NH4)2SO4 in ammoniacal (NH3) solutions.

L'invention est fondée sur l'oxydation catalytique, à haute pression et à température modérée, de l'hydrogène sulfuré (H2S) en sulfate d'ammonium ((NH4)2SO4) dans des solutions ammoniacales (NH3), avec de l'air ou de l'oxygène (O2) comme oxydant. L'invention offre des possibilités commerciales intéressantes pour l'utilisation de H2S, comme solution de remplacement pour le procédé Claus existant, qui consiste à oxyder H2S en soufre élémentaire (S). L'invention utilise des sels minéraux ou organiques d'éléments à l'état de transition, comme catalyseurs monoservive ou sur support dans des phases homogènes ou hétérogènes. L'invention couvre une vaste gamme de conditions de fonctionnement du réacteur, notamment la température, la pression, le type de catalyseur, le matériau du support catalytique, la concentration du catalyseur, le débit, la composition et la température du gaz d'alimentation, la géométrie et le mode de fonctionnnement du réacteur (étapes de réaction, écoulement en parallèle ou à contre-courant, lit fixe, lit fluidisé, lit fluidisé avec giclage, écoulement par lots, semi-lots, en continu, radial, à bouchons, axial mixte, avec recyclage, etc.) pour l'oxydation catalytique de H2S en (NH4)2SO4 dans des solutions ammoniacales (NH3).

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