Chemically sensitive fiber optic cable

G - Physics – 01 – N

Patent

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Details

G01N 21/31 (2006.01) G01N 21/17 (2006.01) G01N 21/75 (2006.01) G01N 21/77 (2006.01) G01N 21/80 (2006.01) G01N 21/85 (2006.01) G02B 6/36 (2006.01)

Patent

CA 2121152

A chemically sensitive sensor (10) capable of detecting changes in concentrations of ions, atoms, or molecules in a fluid environment (38) in which the sensor is immersed or embedded comprises a thin clad optical fiber (26), which is coated with a polymer (34) which is permeable to liquids and which contains a chemically sensitive material, and a light carrying fiber (20). The polymeric material has the ability to change color and/or absorbance when the concentration of the ion, atom, or molecule in the surrounding environment changes. The polymer will return to its original color and/or absorbance state once the concentration goes back to the original value. The color change or absorbance is detected through the core (30) of the optical fiber which is connected to a photodetector (28). The coupling of the light (22) into the sensing structure is obtained by using a core-only optical fiber (20), surrounded by a clad material (36), in addition to an external light source (24). Coupling of the external light beam with the polymeric coated fiber is obtained through microbending losses in reverse by spooling the coated fiber around the clad material. Changes such as pH, metal or other ion concentration, organic molecule concentration, and gas molecule concentration may be detected.

Un capteur chimiosensible (10) capable de détecter des changements dans des concentrations d'ions, d'atomes ou de molécules dans un milieu fluide (38), dans lequel le capteur est immergé ou noyé, comprend une fibre optique à gainage mince (26), revêtue d'un polymère (34) perméable aux liquides et contenant une matière chimiosensible, et une fibre transporteuse de lumière (20). Le matériel polymère a la capacité de changer la couleur et/ou l'absorbance ou les deux lorsque la concentration de l'ion, de l'atome ou de la molécule dans le milieu environnant change. Le polymère retournera à sa couleur ou à son absorbance originale une fois la concentration revenue à sa valeur originale. Le changement de couleur ou d'absorbance est détecté par le noyau (30) de la fibre optique qui est relié à un photodétecteur (28). La lumière (22) est raccordée à la structure de détection au moyen d'une fibre optique à noyau seulement (20), entourée d'une gaine (36), en plus d'une source lumineuse externe (24). Le faisceau lumineux externe est raccordé à la fibre entourée de polymère par les pertes liées aux microcourbures inversées en enroulant la fibre revêtue autour de la gaine. Des changements dans le pH, dans la concentration de métal ou d'autres ions, de molécules organiques et de molécules de gaz peuvent être détectés.

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