Composite metal oxide particle processes and toners thereof

Details Composite metal oxide particle processes and toners thereof Composite metal oxide particle processes and toners thereof

G - Physics

03

G

G03G 9/10 (2006.01) G03G 9/113 (2006.01) G03G 13/08 (2006.01)

Patent

CA 2125427

Disclosed is a composite metal oxide charge enhancing additive composition comprised of a first metal oxide forming a core particle, and a second metal oxide forming an outer layer on the first metal oxide core particle of the formula [(M1O n)x]-[(M2O n)y] wherein M1 represents the first metal oxide metal, M2 represents the second metal oxide metal, n is an integer representing the number of oxygen atoms and is determined by the valence of the metal M to which the oxygen atoms are bonded, x and y represent the relative molar ratios of the first and second metal oxides, and wherein M1 is different from M2. Also disclosed is a composite metal oxide toner charge enhancing additive composition comprising an organosilane outer layer or coating covalently bonded on the outer surface of the second metal oxide layer of the formula [(M1O n)x]-[(M2O n)y]-[(Si[R m]4-n)z] wherein [(Si[R m]4- n)z] represents the covalently bonded organosilane outer layer surface coating where Si is the silicon atom of the organosilane linking or coupling agent; R is a member of the group of alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, alkaryl, aralkyl having between 1 to 25 carbon atoms or halogenated derivatives thereof; m is an integer with a value of at least one; n of the organosilane is an integer having a value of 1 to 3 and z is determined from the molar ratio of the silane component relative to the first and second metal oxides.

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