Computer-assisted surgical positioning method and system

A - Human Necessities – 61 – B

Patent

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A61B 19/00 (2006.01) A61B 6/00 (2006.01) A61B 17/00 (2006.01) A61F 2/46 (2006.01)

Patent

CA 2437585

A method and apparatus are disclosed for defining a three-dimensional coordinate system in relation to an anatomical structure (64) for use with computer-assisted surgical systems. At least three landmarks (66, 68, 70) associated with the anatomical structure (64) are identified. Landmarks are identified using a digitization device (96) and their location refined using at least one single calibrated X-ray image. Using the landmarks (66, 68, 70), first and second planes are defined, the second plane being orthogonal to the first plane. These planes define a coordinate system, which can be used to ascertain the position trajectory of any object (80) with respect to the anatomical structure. Exposure to imaging radiation and additional surgical procedure is minimized.

L'invention porte sur un procédé et sur un appareil permettant de définir un système de coordonnées tridimensionnel par rapport à une structure anatomique (64) à utiliser avec des systèmes chirurgicaux assistés par ordinateur. A cet effet, on identifie au moins trois points de repère (66, 48, 70) associés avec la structure anatomique (64). Les points de repère sont identifiés par un dispositif de numérisation (96) et leur emplacement est précisé à l'aide d'au moins une image de rayons X calibrée simple. On définit ensuite des premier et second plans à l'aide des points de repère (66, 68, 70), le second plan étant orthogonal au premier plan. Ces plans définissent un système de coordonnées qui peut être utilisé pour confirmer la trajectoire d'un objet quelconque (80) par rapport à la structure anatomique. On réduit ainsi au minimum l'exposition au rayonnement de l'imagerie et aux opérations chirurgicales supplémentaires.

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