Cyanogen fumigants and methods of fumigation using cyanogen

A - Human Necessities – 01 – N

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A01N 59/24 (2006.01) A01N 3/02 (2006.01) A23B 4/16 (2006.01) A23B 7/152 (2006.01) A23B 7/157 (2006.01) A23B 9/18 (2006.01) A23B 9/22 (2006.01) A23B 9/30 (2006.01) A23L 3/3409 (2006.01) A23L 3/3445 (2006.01) A23L 3/358 (2006.01) B27K 3/36 (2006.01) A62D 3/00 (2006.01)

Patent

CA 2192959

A fumigant, comprising cyanogen (C2N2) (as herein defined), provides a viable alternative to conventional fumigants such as methyl bromide, phosphine and carbonyl sulphide. Experiments have shown that cyanogen (C2N2) can be used as such a fumigant, in the control of a range of biota, including insects, mites, nematodes, fungi and their spores, viruses, spiders, bacteria, moulds and rodents. It is also suitable for use on a variety of commodities, including grain, seeds, meats, fruit, vegetables, timber, plants, cut flowers and soil. It is shown that an efficacious concentration of cyanogen (C2N2) as a fumigant leaves a very low residue and can be readily flushed from commodities. In particular, it has been observed that a mixture of cyanogen (C2N2) and carbon dioxide have a synergistic effect, when applied to various biota. Throughout the specification, it should be noted that the term "cyanogen" is defined as the gas (at STP) cyanogen, C2N2, essentially free from hydrogen cyanide and other cyanogenic compounds (that is, compounds that give rise to hydrogen cyanide). Cyanogen, which has also been termed dicyan and oxalonitrile, as a fumigant, may be shown as (CN)2, C2N2 or NC-CN.

Le cyanogène (C¿2?N¿2?) constitue un agent de fumigation qui peut avantageusement remplacer les agents de fumigation usuels que sont le bromure de méthyle, la phosphine et le sulfure de carbonyle. Les essais ont montré que le cyanogène (C¿2?N¿2?) peut être utilisé comme agent de fumigation contre divers organismes vivants, en particulier les insectes comme les mites, les nématodes, les moisissures et leurs spores, les virus, les araignées, les bactéries, les moisissures et les rongeurs. Le cyanogène peut être utilisé pour une gamme de produits tels que les graines et les fèves, la viande, les fruits, les légumes, le bois, les plantes, les fleurs coupées et la terre. Il s'est avéré qu'après un traitement avec une concentration en cyanogène (C¿2?N¿2?) suffisante pour être efficace, il y avait très peu de cyanogène résiduel et celui-ci pouvait facilement être éliminé des produits. En particulier, on a noté qu'un mélange de cyanogène (C¿2?N¿2?) et de gaz carbonique a un effet synergique sur différents organismes vivants. Dans cette description, le terme de cyanogène est le gaz de formule C¿2?N¿2? sensiblement exempt d'acide cyanhydrique et d'autres composés susceptibles de former de l'acide cyanhydrique. Le cyanogène est également appelé oxalonitrile et sa formule peut s'écrire (CN)¿2?, C¿2?N¿2? ou NC-CN.

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