H - Electricity – 02 – M
Patent
H - Electricity
02
M
H02M 7/44 (2006.01) H02M 7/5387 (2006.01)
Patent
CA 2269346
A DC-AC inverter is defined as an electrical instrument to convert a DC (direct current) source to an AC (alternating current) output. In such an instrument, the electric energy can flow from the DC source to the AC output, or from the AC output to the DC source. But the latter energy-flow direction is not the intentional design direction for the inverter. This phenomenon exists when the voltage level at the DC source is lower than the voltage level at the AC output, for example, when the inverter is used in the wind energy conversion systems at low wind conditions, or when the inverter is used in the photovoltaic solar energy conversion systems at cloudy time. In such systems, the AC output is connected to the electric power lines, or the electric grid as the technical term used by electric utilities. The energy-flow from the AC to the DC can cause substantial reactive power, usually in lagging form, interference with the electric power delivery, increasing energy losses and reducing the energy conversion efficiency of the wind energy conversion systems or photovoltaic solar energy conversion systems. In this invention, the electric energy-flow unique direction from the DC to the AC is secured by adding a reverse blocking device, for example, a diode in series connection in between the DC source and the inverter. By adding such a reverse blocking device, for example a diode, defined as the blocking diode, the electric energy-flow is confined only from the DC source to the AC output no matter what the DC voltage level is. As a result, the reactive power output of the inverter and energy losses are reduced, and the system energy conversion efficiency is increased. A small fraction of the previous DC capacitance will be moved to the position after the reverse blocking device, or an additional capacitor will be added at the position after the reverse blocking device to smooth the inverter current commutation and reduce the voltage tension on the inverter switching devices. Other options to reduce the voltage tension may also include a parallel connected switch with the reverse blocking device and a voltage varistor.
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