Device for measuring translation, rotation or velocity via...

G - Physics – 01 – D

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G01D 5/38 (2006.01) G01P 3/36 (2006.01)

Patent

CA 2341432

The device for measuring translation, rotation or velocity includes at least a first grating (46) of period , and at least a second grating (48) of period /2, these first and second gratings being mobile relative to the other along a given direction of displacement. A light source supplies a beam (FI) incident upon the first grating (46) at an angle of incidence .alpha. which is not zero in a plane perpendicular to the grating lines, this angle of incidence being sufficient so that the light source and the detector are spatially separated from each other in projection on this plane and on the direction of displacement. The translation or rotation measurement is effected via interference of two beams (16, 18) originating from the diffraction of the incident beam (FI) into the "+1" and "-1" order followed by diffraction in the second grating (48) respectively into the "-1" and "+1" orders. In certain embodiments, the source and/or the detector are integrated in a semiconductor substrate. A particular arrangement of the device allows a bidirectional displacement measurement.

Ce dispositif de mesure de la translation, rotation ou vitesse, comprend au moins un premier réseau (46) de période ?, ainsi qu'au moins un second réseau (48) de période ?/2, ces premier et second réseaux étant mobiles l'un par rapport à l'autre, le long d'un sens donné de déplacement. Une source lumineuse produit un faisceau (FI) incident sur le premier réseau (46) selon un angle d'incidence .alpha. différent de zéro dans un plan perpendiculaire aux lignes du réseau, cet angle d'incidence étant suffisant pour que la source lumineuse et le détecteur soient séparés l'un de l'autre de manière spatiale, en projection sur ce plan et dans le sens du déplacement. La mesure de translation ou rotation s'effectue au moyen de l'interférence de deux faisceaux (16, 18) partant de la diffraction du faisceau incident (FI) dans l'ordre "+1" et "-1", suivie de la diffraction dans le second réseau (48), respectivement dans les ordres "-1" et "+1". Dans certains modes de réalisation, on a intégré la source et/ou le détecteur dans un substrat à semi-conducteur. Un agencement particulier du dispositif permet de mesurer un déplacement bidirectionnel.

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