C - Chemistry – Metallurgy – 10 – J
Patent
C - Chemistry, Metallurgy
10
J
C10J 3/72 (2006.01)
Patent
CA 2707212
The present invention or dual fuel slagging gasifier provides the equipment, devices, process and methods for increasing the efficiency, commercialization potential and economy of coal/coke or carbonaceous gasification. Commercially verified entrained, fixed bed and water gasification processes are sequentially integrated to mass generate chemically clean, de- dusted synthesis gas from high and low volatile carbonaceous material. A charged body of material, including particulate solid low or none volatile carbonaceous material, quartzite and flux, is delivered through the upper charging system of the slagging gasifier. Simultaneously, a finely divided, thermally selected, low to high, volatile carbonaceous material is entrained with oxygen, natural gas or other gases, pre-ignited, gasified at high temperature and horizontally injected into the lower portion of the gasifier shaft above the hearth crucible. In this location, the high temperature heat melts the gasifier slag then ascends to thermally converts a stack injected steam and the descending carbonaceous material to hydrogen and carbon monoxide. Subsequently, in the upper stack, the hot ascending gases dissociate the descending flux while simultaneously heating the descending charged materials. In the process, the dissociated flux chemically combines with the molten or liquid gangue and physically absorbs the sulfur and heavy metals released from the charged and injected materials. The stack reaction, in increasing the hydrogen and carbon monoxide gases, enhances the gasifier thermal conversion efficiency to levels above that for all known commercial gasifiers. The injected steam, which is in excess to that required for dissociation in the stack, promotes optimized hydrogen levels during the subsequent cooling and shifting of the ascending and outflowing off gases. The use of multicones, electrostatic precipitators or other acceptable dry de-dusting systems are to remove the entrained dust from the exiting synthetic off gas. The innovative use of these dry systems permits a higher de-dusted off gas temperature and pressure than that limited by the physical requirements of the wet scrubbing venturi systems. Thus, within the limits of the slag volume required for effective sulfur absorption, the increase in off gas temperature reduces the quartzite and flux requirements and the increased off gas pressure subsequently used in a power recovery turbine to generate electric power, effectively summate to increase the overall process efficiency. Alternatively, the gasifier off gas can be compressed, steam injected, shifted, and the carbon dioxide removed to provide a high purity hydrogen. An environmentally acceptable, mass-produced hydrogen gas for power generation, automobiles, synthetic chemicals, industrial and home heating etc.
Macrae & Co.
Wintrell Reginald
LandOfFree
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