Eight-bit microcontroller having a risc architecture

G - Physics – 06 – F

Patent

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G06F 15/00 (2006.01) G06F 15/78 (2006.01)

Patent

CA 2275172

An eight-bit RISC based microcontroller (Fig. 1) includes an eight-bit register file (20) having a dedicated arithmetic logic unit (ALU<u>2</u>), in addition to a general purpose eight-bit ALU (22). The register file further includes means for combining (16) a pair of registers to provide a logical sixteen-bit register for indirect addressing. The dedicated ALU is a sixteen- bit ALU which provides certain arithmetic functions for the register pair, thus alleviating the computational burdens that would otherwise be imposed on the general purpose eight-bit ALU. A further feature of the invention is the inclusion of a paging register (RAMP x, y, z) which is combined with the contents (14') of the logical sixteen-bit register to provided an even greater addressing range. Yet another feature of the eight-bit microcontroller of the present invention is the means (134) for directly reading and writing to any bit position within the register file with a single instruction. This avoids having to perform various load, shift and/or masking operations needed by prior art microcontrollers.

La présente invention concerne un microcontrôleur (Fig. 1) comprenant un fichier (20) de registres huit bits à unité arithmétique logique (ALU<u>2</u>) spécialisée et une ALU (22) huit bits à but général. Le fichier de registres comprend en outre un élément permettant de combiner (16) une paire de registres de façon à fournir un registre logique seize bits pour un adressage indirect. L'ALU spécialisée est une ALU seize bits qui assure certaines fonctions arithmétiques pour le registre pair, allégeant ainsi les charges de calcul qui autrement seraient imposées à l'ALU huit bits à but général. L'invention présente une caractéristique supplémentaire qui est l'inclusion d'un registre de pagination (RAMP x, y, z) combiné avec les contenus (14') du registre logique seize bits de façon à fournir une plage d'adressage encore plus grande. L'invention présente également une autre caractéristique du microcontrôleur huit bits qui est le moyen (134) permettant d'écrire ou de lire directement, à n'importe quelle position de bit, dans le fichier de registres, avec une seule instruction. Il n'est donc plus nécessaire d'effectuer diverses opérations de charge, de décalage et/ou de masquage, indispensables aux microcontrôleurs dans l'état actuel de la technique.

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