Electrolyte comprising fluoro-ethylene carbonate and...

H - Electricity – 01 – M

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H01M 10/40 (2006.01) H01M 4/58 (2006.01) H01M 6/16 (2006.01)

Patent

CA 2267263

The invention disclosed is an alkali metal-ion secondary cell having a carbonaceous anode and an electrolyte, comprising an alkali metal salt dissolved in an organic electrolyte solvent. Intercalation and de- intercalation during repeated charge/discharge cycles of the secondary cell using a conventional electrolyte solvent causes continual exposure of bare surfaces of the carbonaceous material to the electrolyte, resulting in continual consumption of electrolyte in the formation of new passivation films on the bared or partially covered surfaces, adversely affecting the performance and capacity of the cell. An improvement on the conventional electrolyte involves the addition of chlorinated organic solvent to the conventional electrolyte and results in a more stable passivation film, much less consumption of electrolyte and better performance and cell capacity. In accordance with the present invention, the chlorinated organic solvent, chloroethylene carbonate, is replaced with a fluorinated organic solvent, fluoro-ethylene carbonate, capable of forming a very stable passivation film which is insoluble in the electrolyte. The cell efficiency of the secondary cell is improved substantially and high capacity retained by the replacement of the chlorinated organic solvent with fluorinated organic solvent.

L'invention concerne un accumulateur alcalin à ions métalliques, doté d'une anode carbonée et d'un électrolyte comprenant un sel métallique alcalin dissous dans un solvant organique électrolytique. L'intercalation et la désintercalation par solvant électrolytique traditionnel, pendant les cycles répétés de charge-décharge de l'accumulateur, provoquent une exposition continue des surfaces nues de la matière carbonée à l'électrolyte, ce qui résulte en une consommation continue de l'électrolyte pendant la formation de nouvelles pellicules de passivation sur les surfaces nues ou partiellement recouvertes, et nuit à la performance et à la capacité de l'accumulateur. Une amélioration de l'électrolyte traditionnel implique l'ajout de solvant organique chloré au dit électrolyte traditionnel, et résulte en la formation d'une pellicule de passivation plus stable, en une consommation d'électrolyte bien inférieure, et en une meilleure performance et une capacité amélioré de l'accumulateur. Conformément à la présente invention, le solvant organique chloré, le carbonate de chlorure de vinyle, est remplacé par un solvant organique fluoré, le carbonate de fluoréthylène, capable de former une pellicule de passivation très stable qui est insoluble dans l'électrolyte. Le rendement de l'accumulateur s'améliore sensiblement et une capacité élevée est atteinte grâce au remplacement du solvant organique chloré par le solvant organique fluoré.

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