Elimination of cyanides in the dehalogenation of...

C - Chemistry – Metallurgy – 07 – C

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C07C 17/23 (2006.01) C07C 19/08 (2006.01) C07C 51/08 (2006.01) A62D 3/00 (2006.01)

Patent

CA 2207935

Ozone depleting fluorocarbon compounds (18) are dehalogenated through more economic reduction reaction with solvated electrons formed from lower equivalents of reactive metals (14) than previously used by reacting the partial reduction products with nitrogen-containing bases, such as ammonia (12) or alternatively, without any reactive metal by reacting with the base alone. Mixtures of fluorocarbon refrigerants including difficult-to-separate azeotropes of dichlorodifluoromethane contaminated with clorodifluoromethane are reclaimed by treating only with weak non-aqueous nitrogen-containing bases to provide essentially chemically pure dichlorodifluoromethanerefrigerant suitable for recycling/reuse. Hazardous cyanides which may develop are converted to relatively benign products during the process by introducing a base (22) to convert volatile cyanides to more stable salts which in turn are converted to useful compounds of lesser toxicity.

Des composés de fluorocarbone (18) apprauvrissant la couche d'ozone sont déshalogénés par une réaction de réduction plus économique à l'aide d'électrons solvatés formés à partir d'équivalents plus faibles des métaux réactifs (14) que ceux utilisés précédemment en faisant réagir les produits de réduction partielle avec des bases contenant de l'azote telles que du gaz ammoniac (12), ou alors, sans aucun métal réactif, avec la seule base. Des mélanges difficiles à scinder de réfrigérants fluorocarbonés consistant en azéotropes de dichlorodifluorométhane contaminés par du chlorodifluorométhane peuvent être récupérés par un traitement ne comportant que des bases faibles azotées non aqueuses de manière à obtenir du dichlorodifluorométhane chimiquement presque pur, recyclable ou réutilisable. Les cyanures dangereux pouvant se former sont convertis pendant le processus en produits relativement anodins par apport d'une base (22) convertissant les cyanures volatils en sels plus stables qui sont à leur tour convertis en composés utiles de moindre toxicité.

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