Emulsans

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C - Chemistry, Metallurgy

12

P

195/140, 530/17.

C12P 19/04 (2006.01) B01D 21/01 (2006.01) B01F 17/00 (2006.01) C02F 1/52 (2006.01) C02F 1/68 (2006.01) C08B 37/00 (2006.01) C09K 8/90 (2006.01) C12P 1/04 (2006.01) C12P 19/26 (2006.01)

Patent

CA 1149302

ABSTRACT Growth of Acinetobacte? Sp. ATCC 31012 on various substrates and under varying conditions has been used to produce two classes of extracellular microbial protein- associated lipopolysaccharides (the "emulsans") which, on a weight-for-weight basis, are probably the most efficient emulsifiers discovered and which possess certain character- istics that permit these unique extracellular microbial lipopolysaccharides to be widely used in cleaning oil- contaminated vessels, oil spill management, and enhanced oil recovery by chemical flooding. These classes have been named ?-emulsane and ?-emulsane, both of which have substantially the same polymer backbone but differ from each other in certain important structural aspects. Deproteinization of emulsane by hot phenol extraction produces the lipopolysaccharide components (the "apoer_1- sans") of each of such emulsane, which components have been shown to be completely N-acylated and partially 0-acylated heteropolysaccharides made up of a major amounts of D-galactosamine and an axinourons acid, the 0-lipoacyl portions of such apoemulsans containing varying percentages of fatty acid esters in which the fatty acids contain from about 10 to about 18 carbon atoms, base hydrolysis under mild conditions of the emulsans and apoemuslans produces derivatives (the "?-emulsans" and "apo-?-emulsans", respectively) which are completely ?-acylated and partially to completely 0-deacylated. Base hydrolysis under strong conditions of any of these products produces another derivate (the "proemulsans") which is completely 0-deacylated and is partially N-deacylated, Emulsans and apoemulsans, both of which biopolymers are strongly anionic, exhibit a high degree of specificity in the emulsification of hydrocarbon substrates which contain both aliphatic and cyclic components. In addition, these extracellular microbial polysaccharides as well at their 0-deacylated and N-deacylated derivatives are absorbed or and capable of flocculating aluminosilicate ion-exchangers, such as kaolin and bentonite.

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