Enzyme treatment to enhance wettability and absorbency of...

D - Textiles – Paper – 06 – M

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D06M 16/00 (2006.01) C12S 11/00 (2006.01)

Patent

CA 2244694

Textile fibers are treated with enzymes in the absence of surfactants, with the effect of increasing the wettability and absorbency of the fibers. The enzymes are pectinases, cellulases, proteases, lipases or combinations thereof. The wetting properties of cotton fibers are found to be most substantially improved by treatment with a mixture of cellulase and pectinase. The effects of five hydrolyzing enzymes on improving the hydrophilicity of several polyester fabrics have been studied. Four out of the five lipases studied improve the water wetting and absorbent properties of the regular polyester fabrics more than alkaline hydrolysis under optimal conditions (3N NaOH at 55 ~C for 2 hours). Compared to aqueous hydrolysis, the enzyme reactions have shown to be effective under more moderate conditions, including a relatively low concentration (0.01 g/L), a shorter reaction time (10 minutes), at an ambient temperature (25 ~C). Contrary to the results with alkaline hydrolysis, the improved water wettability is accompanied by full strength retention. Lipase has also shown to be effective in improving the wetting and absorbent properties of sulfonated polyester and microdenier polyester fabrics.

On traite des fibres textiles par des enzymes en l'absence de tensio-actifs, ce qui a pour effet d'accroître la mouillabilité et la capacité d'absorption des fibres. Lesdites enzymes sont des pectinases, des cellulases, des protéases, des lipases ou leur combinaison. Les propriétés de mouillabilité des fibres de coton sont sensiblement améliorées après traitement par un mélange de cellulase et de pectinase. Les effets de cinq enzymes hydrolysantes sur l'amélioration des propriétés hydrophiles de plusieurs tissus de polyester ont été l'objet d'une étude. Quatre des cinq lipases étudiées améliorent la mouillabilité pour l'eau et les propriétés d'absorption des fibres usuelles de polyester, plus que l'hydrolyse alcaline dans des conditions optimales (3N NaOH à 55 ·C pendant deux heures). Comparées à l'hydrolyse aqueuse, la réaction enzymatique s'est montrée efficace dans des conditions plus modérées, y compris une concentration relativement faible (0,01g/l), un temps de réaction plus court (10 minutes), et la température ambiante (25·C). Contrairement aux résultats de l'hydrolyse alcaline, la mouillabilité accrue à l'eau s'accompagne du maintien de la totalité de la résistance. Les lipases se sont également montrées efficaces en ce qui concerne l'amélioration des propriétés de mouillabilité et d'absorption de tissus de polyester sulfoné et de polyester microdenier.

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