Gasifier for biomass waste and related volatile solids

A - Human Necessities – 61 – L

Patent

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Details

A61L 11/00 (2006.01) F23G 5/027 (2006.01) F23G 7/10 (2006.01)

Patent

CA 2170781

A gasifier is disclosed. The gasifier comprises a primary chamber for receiving therein biomass waste material and other related volatile solids to begasified. A fume transfer vent permits the escape of fumes from the primary chamber. A mixing chamber accepts the fumes from the fume transfer vent. The fumes then flow to an afterburner chamber where a burner member produces a heating flame so as to cause the additional full oxidization of the constituents of the fumes so as to oxidize the constituents. A partitioning wallis disposed between the flame chamber and the primary chamber so as to preclude the heating flame from entering the primary chamber and to also preclude the radiation from the heating flame from directly entering the primarychamber, thereby precluding direct contact and physical disturbance of the wastematerial. A heat transfer chamber in fluid communication with the afterburner chamber accepts the fully oxidized fumes therefrom. The heat from the full oxidation of the fumes causes heating of the heat transfer chamber. The primary chamber has a heat conductive floor and is superimposed on the heat transfer chamber with the heat conductive floor being disposed in separating relation therebetween so as to permit conductive and convective heating of the primary chamber, thus causing heating of the waste in the primary chamber. An exhaust vent in fluid communication with the heat transfer chamber permits venting the fumes to the ambient surroundings.

Cette invention concerne un gazéificateur qui comprend une enceinte principale destinée à recevoir les déchets de biomassse et autres solides volatils à gazéifier. Cette enceinte comporte un évent d'évacuation des fumées vers une chambre de mélange communiquant avec une enceinte de postcombustion où un brûleur produit une flamme servant à l'oxydation totale des constituants des fumées. Un cloison de séparation est disposée entre l'enceinte de postcombustion et l'enceinte principale afin d'empêcher la flamme ainsi que sa chaleur radiante de pénétrer dans cette dernière et d'entrer en contact direct avec les déchets ou d'y avoir un effet perturbateur. Une enceinte d'échange de chaleur communiquant avec l'enceinte de postcombustion reçoit les fumées complètement oxydées dont elle récupère la chaleur. L'enceinte principale est superposée à l'enceinte d'échange de chaleur et comporte un plancher thermoconducteur conçu pour assurer le chauffage par conduction et convection des déchets y déversés. Une cheminée de l'enceinte d'échange de chaleur assure l'évacuation des fumées à l'extérieur.

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