High capacity electrode and methods for its fabrication and use

Details High capacity electrode and methods for its fabrication and use High capacity electrode and methods for its fabrication and use

H - Electricity

01

M

H01M 4/00 (2006.01) C25B 11/00 (2006.01) C25C 7/02 (2006.01)

Patent

CA 2627601

A battery electrode comprises an electrically conductive substrate having an electrochemically active electrode composition supported thereupon. The composition includes an active material capable of reversibly alloying with lithium, which material shows a volume change upon such reversible alloying. The composition includes a buffering agent which accommodates the volume change in the active material and minimizes mechanical strain in the composition. The active composition may further include materials such as carbon. The active material may comprise silicon, aluminum, antimony, antimony oxides, bismuth, bismuth oxides, tin, tin oxides, chromium, chromium oxides, tungsten, and tungsten oxides or lithium alloys of the foregoing. The buffering agent may comprise a metal or a metal oxide or lithium alloys of the foregoing. Also disclosed are batteries which incorporate these electrodes, methods for the fabrication of the electrodes and methods for the fabrication and operation of the batteries.

Selon l'invention, une électrode de batterie comprend un substrat électriquement conducteur supportant une composition d'électrode électrochimiquement active. La composition comprend un matériau actif capable de s'allier avec du lithium de façon réversible, ledit matériau subissant un changement de volume lors d'un tel alliage réversible. La composition comprend un agent tampon qui compense le changement de volume du matériau actif et minimise la contrainte mécanique dans la composition. La composition active peut en outre comprendre des matériaux tels que le carbone. Le matériau actif peut comprendre du silicium, de l'aluminium, de l'antimoine, des oxydes d'antimoine, du bismuth, des oxydes de bismuth, de l'étain, des oxydes d'étain, du chrome, des oxydes de chrome, du tungstène, et des oxydes de tungstène ou des alliages de lithium des éléments précédents. L'agent tampon peut comprendre un métal ou un oxyde métallique ou des alliages de lithium des éléments précédents. L'invention concerne également des batteries qui comportent ces électrodes, des procédés de fabrication des électrodes et des procédés de fabrication et d'utilisation des batteries.

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