Liquid electrolyte lithium-sulfur batteries

H - Electricity – 01 – M

Patent

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Details

H01M 10/40 (2006.01) H01M 4/38 (2006.01) H01M 4/58 (2006.01) H01M 6/16 (2006.01) H01M 6/40 (2006.01)

Patent

CA 2305454

Disclosed are electrolyte solvents for ambient-temperature lithium-sulfur batteries. The disclosed solvents include at least one ethoxy repeating unit compound of the general formula R1(CH2CH2O)nR2, where n ranges between 2 and 10 and R1 and R2 are different or identical alkyl or alkoxy groups (including substituted alkyl or alkoxy groups). Alternatively, R1 and R2 may together with (CH2CH2O)n form a closed ring. Examples of linear solvents include the glymes (CH3O(CH2CH2)nCH3). Some electrolyte solvents include a donor or acceptor solvent in addition to an ethoxy compound as described. Examples of donor solvents include hexamethylphosphoramide, pyridine, N,N- diethylacetamide, N,N-diethylformamide, dimethylsulfoxide, tetramethylurea, N,N-dimethylacetamide, N,N-dimethylformamide, tributylphosphate, trimethylphosphate, N,N,N',N'-tetraethylsulfamide, tetramethylenediamine, tetramethylpropylenediamine, and pentamethyldiethylenetriamine. These assist in solvation of lithium ions. Examples of acceptor solvents include alcohols, glycols, and polyglycols. These assist in solvation of the sulfide and polysulfide anions.

L'invention concerne des solvants d'électrolytes pour batteries d'accumulateurs soufre-lithium à température ambiante. Ces solvants contiennent au moins un composé possédant un motif éthoxy répétitif représenté par la formule générale R¿1?(CH¿2?CH¿2?O)¿n?R¿2?, dans laquelle n est compris entre 2 et 10, et dans laquelle R¿1? et R¿2? représentent des groupes alkyle ou alkoxy différents ou identiques (y compris des groupes alkyle ou alkoxy substitués). Selon un autre mode de réalisation, R¿1? et R¿2? peuvent former avec (CH¿2?CH¿2?O)¿n? un noyau fermé. Parmi les solvants linéaires, on trouve notamment les glymes (CH¿3?O(CH¿2?CH¿2?)¿n?CH¿3?). Certains solvants électrolytiques comprennent un solvant donneur ou accepteur ajouté à un composé éthoxy, tel que précédemment décrit. Parmi les solvants donneurs, on trouve notamment l'hexaméthylphosphoramide, la pyridine, le N-N-diéthylacétamide, le N-N-diéthylformamide, le diméthylsulfoxide, le tétraméthyl urée, le N-N-diméthylacétamide, le N-N-diméthylformamide, le tributylphosphate, le triméthylphosphate, le N-N-N'-N'-tétraéthylsulfamide, le tétraméthylène diamine, le tétraméthylpropylène diamine et le pentaméthyldiéthylène triamine, lesquels contribuent à la solvatation des ions de lithium. Parmi les solvants accepteurs, on trouve notamment les alcools, les glycols et les polyglycols, qui contribuent à la solvatation des anions des sulfures et polysulfures.

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