Mechanical heart valve

A - Human Necessities – 61 – F

Patent

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Details

A61F 2/24 (2006.01)

Patent

CA 2334433

The present invention relates to an improved trileaflet mechanical heart valve (100) and an improved leaflet (110) for use with such valve. The valve (100) and leaflet (110) of the present invention provide improved flow characteristics, minimize blood clotting behind the leaflets, and provide more natural opening and closing times. The valve includes a valve housing (105) which contains pivot/hinge mechanism (130, 200, and 300) for allowing rotation of and retention of the leaflets (110). The valve housing (105) also includes windows or openings (125) which allows for complete washing of the pivot/hinge mechanism (130, 200, and 300) as well as the leaflets (110). The novel leaflets (110) are air-foil-like having a complex S-shaped curvature on their outer surface. This novel geometry, when combined with the location of the leaflet's pivot axis, causes a tendency for the leaflet (110) to rotate towards the closed position. Thus, the leaflet (110) begins to close much earlier than a conventional leaflet and is substantially closed before the flow reverses, similar to the function of a natural valve.

L'invention concerne une valvule cardiaque mécanique (100) améliorée possédant trois valves, et une valve améliorée (110) conçue pour être utilisée avec cette valvule. Cette valvule (100) et cette valve (110) permettent d'améliorer les caractéristiques de l'écoulement sanguin, de limiter au maximum la coagulation derrière les valves et d'obtenir des temps d'ouverture et de fermeture plus naturels. Cette valvule comporte un boîtier (105) contenant un mécanisme de pivotement et d'articulation (130, 200, 300) permettant la rotation et la retenue des valves (110). Ce boîtier (105) comprend également des fenêtres ou des ouvertures (125) permettant le lavage complet du mécanisme de pivotement et d'articulation (130, 200, 300), ainsi que des valves (110). Ces nouvelles valves (110) présentent un profil aérodynamique et leur surface extérieure possède une incurvation complexe en forme de S. Cette nouvelle géométrie, combinée à l'emplacement de l'axe de pivotement de la valve, provoque une tendance à la rotation de la valve (110) vers la position de fermeture. De ce fait, cette valve (110) commence à se fermer beaucoup plus tôt qu'une valve classique et est pratiquement fermée avant l'inversion de l'écoulement, ce qui est semblable au fonctionnement d'une valvule naturelle.

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