Method and apparatus for investigating earth formations

G - Physics – 01 – V

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G01V 3/20 (2006.01) E21B 47/16 (2006.01)

Patent

CA 2254490

Apparatus and method are disclosed for determining the resistivity of formations surrounding an earth borehole. An electrically conductive metal body, such as a drill collar on a drill string, is movable through the borehole. A transmitting toroidal coil antenna is disposed on the body and is energized to induce a current which travels in a path that includes the body and the formations. An electrode is disposed on the body, and a first signal which depends on the electrical effect of the current on the electrode is measured to obtain an indication of the resistivity of the formations. In a form of the invention, a second transmitting toroidal coil antenna establishes a second current in the body that travels in a path that includes the body and the formations, and a second signal is measured at the electrode. A current monitor measures the axial current passing a monitor position on the body, to obtain a monitor current value. A compensated indication of formation resistivity can then be obtained as a function of the first signal, the second signal, and the monitor current value. A local communication system facilitates the ultimate communication of information to the earth's surface.

L'invention est constituée par un appareil et une méthode servant à déterminer la résistivité des formations qui entourent un trou de forage. Un corps métallique électriquement conducteur, tel qu'une maîtresse tige de train de forage, peut être déplacé dans le trou de forage. Une antenne émettrice toroïdale est montée sur ce corps et est excitée pour induire un courant qui traversera le corps et les formations. Une électrode est montée sur le corps et un premier signal, qui dépend de l'effet électrique du courant sur l'électrode, est mesuré pour donner une indication de la résistivité des formations. Dans l'une des concrétisations de l'invention, une seconde antenne émettrice toroïdale engendre dans le corps métallique un second courant qui traverse celui-ci et les formations, et ce second courant est mesuré à l'électrode. Un moniteur de courant mesure le courant axial dans le corps. Une valeur corrigée de la résistivité des formations peut alors être obtenue en fonction du premier signal, du second signal et du courant mesuré. Un système de communication local facilite la transmission des informations jusqu'à la surface du sol.

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