Method and device for the entrained-flow gasification of...

C - Chemistry – Metallurgy – 10 – J

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C10J 3/40 (2006.01) C10J 3/20 (2006.01) C10J 3/72 (2006.01)

Patent

CA 2676671

The invention relates to a gasification reactor (1) and associated method for the entrained-flow gasification of solid fuels under pressure. The reactor essentially consists of a pressure vessel (4) that can be cooled and an inner jacket (7) that is equipped with a heat shield. At least one crude gas outflow (8) is located at the upper end of the cylindrical pressure vessel and at least one bottoms withdrawal outlet (30) is located at the lower end, the pressure vessel having at least enough space for a moving bed (13), an entrained flow (11) that circulates internally above the surface of the moving bed and a buffer zone (3) situated above said entrained bed. Feed connections for the solid fuels (15) and gasification agent nozzles for the supply of first gasification agents (16) are situated at a height of between approximately 1 and 3 metres above the surface of the moving bed, said gasification agent nozzles being designed to inject the first gasification agents into the entrained flow in such a way that a hot central upward flow and a "cold" downward wall flow are formed. At least one feed device for second gasification agents (28) is located at the bottoms withdrawal outlet.

L'invention concerne un réacteur de gazéification (1) et procédé correspondant, permettant la gazéification à flux entraîné de combustibles solides sous pression. Le réacteur est principalement composé d'une cuve sous pression (4) qui peut être refroidie et d'une enveloppe intérieure (7) pourvue d'une protection thermique. Au moins un conduit de sortie (8) de gaz bruts est placé à l'extrémité supérieure de la cuve sous pression cylindrique et au moins un conduit d'évacuation (30) de produits de queue est placé à l'extrémité inférieure. La cuve sous pression présente au moins une chambre pour un lit mobile (13) et un flux entraîné (11) circulant à l'intérieur de la chambre, au-dessus de la surface du lit mobile, ainsi que pour une zone tampon (3). Des tubulures d'alimentation en combustibles solides (15) et des buses d'injection d'agents de gazéification, destinées à injecter des premiers agents de gazéification (16), sont placées à une hauteur d'environ 1 à 3 m au-dessus de la surface du lit mobile, les buses d'injection d'agents de gazéification étant conçues de telle sorte que les premiers agents de gazéification sont injectés dans le flux entraîné, de manière à engendrer la formation d'un flux central chaud ascendant et d'un flux "froid" descendant contre les parois, et au moins un dispositif d'alimentation en seconds agents de gazéification (28) étant placé au niveau du conduit d'évacuation de produits de queue.

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