Method for inhibiting hydrate formation

C - Chemistry – Metallurgy – 07 – C

Patent

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Details

C07C 7/20 (2006.01) C09K 8/52 (2006.01) C10L 3/06 (2006.01) C10L 3/10 (2006.01) C10L 10/04 (2006.01) F17D 1/05 (2006.01)

Patent

CA 2221133

A method for inhibiting the formation of clathrate hydrates in a fluid having hydrate-forming constituents involves treating the fluid with an inhibitor comprising a substantially water soluble polymer having a polymer backbone with a pendant C1-C3 alkyl group; the polymer having an average molecular weight between about 1,000 and about 6,000,000. Preferably, the pendant alkyl group is a methyl group. The rate of nucleation growth, and/or agglomeration of gas hydrate crystals in a petroleum fluid stream is reduced using the alkylated polymer backbone inhibitor, thereby inhibiting the formation of a hydrate blockage in the pipe conveying the petroleum fluid stream. Test results are disclosed which unexpectedly show that alkylating the polymer backbone with a methyl group will produce a subcooling for the alkylated polymer that is at least about 2 °F (about 1.1 °C) greater than its nonalkylated counterpart. The inhibitor can be used conveniently at low concentrations, for example in the range of from about 0.01 % to about 5 % by weight of the water present in the oil or gas stream, to effectively treat a petroleum fluid having a water phase.

Procédé permettant d'inhiber la formation d'hydrates de clathrate dans un liquide contenant des composants formant des hydrates, qui consiste à traiter le liquide avec un inhibiteur constitué d'un polymère pratiquement soluble dans l'eau ayant un squelette polymère comprenant un groupe alkyle C1-C3 pendant; le polymère ayant un poids moléculaire moyen se situant entre 1.000 et 6.000.000. De préférence, le groupe alkyle pendant est un groupe méthyle. On réduit le taux de nucléation, de croissance, et/ou d'agglomération des cristaux d'hydrate de gaz dans un flux d'hydrocarbures en utilisant l'inhibiteur à squelette polymère alkylé, de manière à inhiber la formation d'un blocage d'hydrates dans le conduit transportant le flux d'hydrocarbures. Des résultats d'expérimentation ont montré de façon inattendue que l'alkylation du squelette polymère avec un groupe méthyle va provoquer un sous-refroidissement du polymère alkylé qui est supérieur à celui de son homologue non alkylé d'au moins 2 DEG F (environ 1,1 DEG C). L'inhibiteur s'utilise facilement à basses concentrations, par exemple à des concentrations s'échelonnant d'environ 0,01 % à 5 % en poids de l'eau présente dans le flux d'huile ou de gaz, pour traiter efficacement un hydrocarbure à phase aqueuse.

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