Method for mitigating residual stresses in welded metal...

C - Chemistry – Metallurgy – 21 – D

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C21D 9/50 (2006.01) C21D 1/00 (2006.01) B23K 9/02 (2006.01)

Patent

CA 2185996

A process for providing a significant improvement in the detrimental tensile residual stress condition on the root side of welds, especially on the inside wall of piping welds. The method uses a high welding torch travel speed (10 inches/min), especially on the last one or two cap passes. The process relies on the limited thermal heat sink capability of the pipe wall and nearly completed weld joint itself to generate a significant through-wall temperature gradient, and therefore a sufficient through-wall stress gradient during the welding. This stress gradient results in metal plasticity and permanent strains, and therefore a reduction in the magnitude of the final residual stress or, preferably as conditions allow, a reversal in the direction of the stresses from tensile to compressive. The method can be used as a welding process or as a heat treatment. In the case of heat treatment, the far surface of the weld joint is heated without fusion of the material making up the far surface.

La présente invention, qui concerne un procédé de soudage, apporte des améliorations notables concernant le effets indésirables liés à la contrainte résiduelle de traction, particulièrement au niveau interne des soudures de tuyauterie. Le procédé consiste à déplacer à vitesse élevée la torche à souder (?10 pouces / mn), particulièrement pour la dernière ou les deux dernières passes de finition. Pour générer un gradient important de température au travers de la paroi, et par conséquent, pendant le soudage, un gradient de contrainte suffisant au travers de la paroi, le procédé repose sur la limitation des capacités de puits thermique de la paroi de la pièce de tuyauterie et du joint de soudure lui-même lorsqu'il est presque achevé. Ce gradient de contrainte provoque une plasticité du métal et la persistance des contraintes, et par conséquent une réduction de l'amplitude de la contrainte résiduelle ultime, ou, de préférence si les conditions le permettent, une inversion de la direction des contraintes de traction, devenant contraintes de compression. Ce procédé est utilisable comme processus de soudage ou comme traitement thermique. Dans le cas du traitement thermique, la surface distale du joint de soudure est chauffée sans fusion de la matière constituant la surface distale.

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