Method for preparing fatty acid esters

C - Chemistry – Metallurgy – 07 – C

Patent

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C07C 67/58 (2006.01) C07C 69/52 (2006.01) C11C 3/04 (2006.01)

Patent

CA 2264558

The invention concerns a method for preparing fatty acid esters from fatty acid triglyceride and specially from animal and vegetable fats and oils by transesterification with a lower monohydric alcohol in the presence of a homogenous or heterogeneous catalyzer. According to the invention, the fatty acid ester formed is extracted from the reaction mixture with an extracting agent close to critical point. Thus a greater yield of fatty acid esters and excellent purity are obtained. Preferably a low-pressure gas with a reduced temperature at 20 ~C of approximately 0.7, preferably greater than or equivalent to 0.7 should be used as extracting agent. The preferred extracting agents are carbon dioxide, propane, butane, dimethyl ether, ethyl acetate or their mixtures.

L'invention concerne un procédé de préparation d'esters d'acide gras à partir de triglycéride d'acide gras et notamment à partir de graisses et huiles animales et végétales, par transestérification avec un alcool inférieur monovalent en présence d'un catalyseur homogène ou hétérogène. Selon l'invention, l'ester d'acide gras formé est extrait du mélange réactionnel avec un agent d'extraction proche du point critique. On peut ainsi obtenir des esters d'acide gras avec un rendement élevé et une très grande pureté. On utilise de préférence comme agent d'extraction un gaz à faible pression qui présente, à 20 ·C, une température réduite, s'élevant environ à 0,7 ·C, de préférence supérieure ou égale à 0,7 ·C. Les agents d'extraction préférés sont le dioxyde de carbone, le propane, le butane, le diméthyléther, l'acétate d'éthyle ou leurs mélanges.

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