Method for reducing borehole erosion in shale formations

C - Chemistry – Metallurgy – 09 – K

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C09K 8/36 (2006.01) E21B 21/08 (2006.01) E21B 49/00 (2006.01)

Patent

CA 2398225

A method is disclosed that provides a stable invert emulsion for an oil-based drilling fluid with an environmentally friendly additive that effectively eliminates shale hydration and consequent borehole erosion. The additive is preferably potassium formate, although other formates or acetates may be substituted. In the method, the potassium formate is dissolved in the water phase of the emulsion in lieu of other less environmentally friendly salts such as sodium chloride. The water activity of the emulsion and of the formation being drilled is monitored during drilling so that additional formate may be added as needed to maintain such water activities in balance. That is, preferably, the water activity of the potassium formate will be the same as or less than the water activity of the formation.

La présente invention concerne un procédé dans lequel on utilise une émulsion inverse stable destinée à un fluide de forage à base d'huile qu'on associe à un additif sans danger pour l'environnement qui élimine efficacement l'hydratation du schiste argileux et l'érosion du trou de forage qui en résulte. L'additif est de préférence du formate de potassium, bien que d'autres formates ou acétates puissent le remplacer. Dans le procédé, le formate de potassium est dissous dans la phase aqueuse de l'émulsion à la place d'autres sels moins écologiques tels que le chlorure de sodium. L'activité de l'eau dans l'émulsion et dans la formation en cours de forage est surveillée pendant le forage de sorte qu'on puisse ajouter, si nécessaire, du formate supplémentaire pour maintenir à un niveau équilibré les activités de l'eau. C'est-à-dire que, de préférence, l'activité de l'eau du formate de potassium est égale ou inférieure à l'activité de l'eau de la formation.

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