Method of attenuating noise in three dimensional seismic...

G - Physics – 01 – V

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G01V 1/36 (2006.01)

Patent

CA 2358512

A method of attenuating noise in three dimensional seismic data using a projection algorithm is disclosed. A frequency-space-space ("f-xy") projection algorithm is used which is a generalization of the f-x projection algorithm. The predictability of the seismic signals in the f-xy domain constitutes the basis of the algorithm. Specifically it is demonstrated that if the seismic events are planar in the t-xy domain, then in the f-xy domain they consist of predictable signals in the xy-plane for each frequency f. A crucial step of the 2-D spectral factorization is achieved through the helical coordinate transformation. In addition to the disclosed general algorithm for arbitrary coherent noise, a specialized algorithm for random noise is disclosed. It has been found that the disclosed projection algorithm is effective even in extreme cases of poor signal to noise ratio. The algorithm is also signal preserving when the predictability assumptions hold.

L'invention concerne un procédé permettant d'atténuer le bruit dans des données sismiques tridimensionnelles à l'aide d'un algorithme de projection. Ce procédé consiste tout d'abord à utiliser un algorithme de projection fréquence-espace-espace ( </= f-xy >/= ) qui est une généralisation de l'algorithme de projection f-x, la prévisibilité des signaux sismiques dans le domaine f-xy constituant la base de cet algorithme. Il est en particulier prouvé que si les événements sismiques sont planaires dans le domaine t-xy, ils sont composés, dans ledit domaine f-xy, par des signaux prévisibles dans le plan xy pour chaque fréquence f, la transformation des données hélicoïdale constituant une étape cruciale de la factorisation spectrale bidimensionnelle. Outre cet algorithme général permettant d'atténuer le bruit cohérent arbitraire, cette invention concerne également un algorithme destiné particulièrement au bruit aléatoire, l'algorithme de projection susmentionné étant efficace même dans des cas extrêmes de faible rapport signal-bruit et permettant de conserver le signal lorsque les prévisions se vérifient.

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