Methods and apparatus for crossing vascular occlusions

A - Human Necessities – 61 – M

Patent

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A61M 25/01 (2006.01)

Patent

CA 2341414

Methods and apparatus for crossing totally to substantially occluded blood vessels by passing a redirectable wire such as a guidewire from a relatively proximal point past the occlusion within a substantial space form between the intimal layer and the adventitial layer of a blood vessel wall. The wire may be advanced to a point distal to the occlusion, and thereafter deflected back into the blood vesel lumen, typically using a deflecting catheter which is advanced over the guidewire after it has positioned whithin the subminimal space. The deflecting catheter may include a flapper valve assembly or performed actuator wire for redirecting the guidewire. After the guidewire is returned to the blood vessel lumen, deflecting catheter may be withdrawn, and the guidewire may be available for introduction of other inverveational and diagnostic catheters for performing procedures such as stenting.

Cette invention a trait à des procédés et au dispositif correspondant permettant de traverser entièrement des vaisseaux sanguins quasiment oblitérés. On introduit, à partir d'un point relativement proche de l'occlusion, un fil réorientable, un fil-guide notamment, dans un espace sous-intimal délimité par l'intima et l'externa de la paroi d'un vaisseau sanguin. Il est possible de faire avancer le fil jusqu'à un point éloigné de l'occlusion et de le dévier ensuite vers l'arrière dans la lumière du vaisseau, généralement à l'aide d'un cathéter défléchissant avancé au-dessus du fil-guide après que celui-ci a été positionné dans l'espace sous-intimal. Le cathéter défléchissant peut être pourvu d'un ensemble clapet ou d'un fil actionneur préformé servant à réorienter le fil-guide. Après avoir retourné le fil de guidage vers la lumière du vaisseau sanguin, il est possible de retirer le cathéter défléchissant, ce qui permet d'introduire d'autres cathéters d'intervention et de diagnostic pour procéder à des interventions telles que la pose d'un extenseur.

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