Methods and apparatus for real time fluid analysis

G - Physics – 01 – N

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G01N 31/00 (2006.01) A61B 5/00 (2006.01) A61B 5/083 (2006.01) A61B 5/087 (2006.01) A61M 16/00 (2006.01) G01N 27/16 (2006.01) G01N 29/00 (2006.01) G01N 29/02 (2006.01) G01N 29/024 (2006.01) G01N 29/44 (2006.01) A61B 5/097 (2006.01)

Patent

CA 2362605

A gas analyzer (10) integrated into the main passageway (11) of a breathing circuit includes pressure-drop flow element (12) that measures a pressure drop across an orifice, an acoustic flowmeter (14) measures the speed of sound in the gas mixture, and a SAW device (20) from which the viscosity of the gas mixture is determined. The dielectric constant of the gas mixture is determined from the capacitance of spaced-apart charged plates of a capacitor (22) through which the mixture passes. The gas mixture density is determined from the measured pressure drop and flow rate, while the gas mixture specific heat is determined from the density and speed of sound in accordance with known relationships. The individual concentrations of five constituents of a mixture of gasses can be determined by solving five equations relating the independently measured properties of the gas mixture to the individual constituent concentrations.

L'invention concerne un analyzeur (10) de gaz intégré dans le passage principal (11) d'un circuit respiratoire, comprenant un déprimogène (12) de chute de pression qui mesure une chute de pression par un orifice, un débitmètre acoustique (14) qui mesure la vitesse du son dans le mélange gazeux, et un dispositif d'ondes acoustiques de surface (SAW) (20) à partir duquel la viscosité du mélange gazeux est déterminée. La constante diélectrique du mélange gazeux est déterminée à partir de la capacitance des plaques chargées séparées d'un condensateur (22) par lesquelles passe le mélange. La densité du mélange gazeux est déterminée à partir de la chute de pression et du débit de flux mesurés, alors que la chaleur spécifique du mélange gazeux est déterminée à partir de la densité et de la vitesse du son en fonction de relations connues. Les concentrations individuelles des cinq constituants d'un mélange gazeux peuvent être déterminées par la résolution de cinq équations mettant en rapport les propriétés du mélange gazeux indépendamment mesurées et les concentrations individuelles des constituants.

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