Methods for isolating polyhydroxyalkanoates from plants

C - Chemistry – Metallurgy – 08 – G

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C08G 63/06 (2006.01) C08G 63/89 (2006.01) C12P 7/62 (2006.01)

Patent

CA 2234965

Methods are provided for separating polyhydroxyalkanoates ("PHAs") from plants, such as transgenic oil crop plants. The methods advantageously permit both the oil and the PHAs to be recovered from the plant biomass. To isolate the PHAs, in one embodiment, a biomass derived from an oil crop plant is pre-processed, for example by grinding, crushing or rolling. The oil then is extracted from the biomass with a first solvent in which the oil is soluble and in which the PHAs are not highly soluble to remove the oil. The biomass then can be extracted with a second solvent in which the PHA is soluble, to separate the PHA from the biomass. Alternatively, the PHA-containing biomass is treated with a chemical or biochemical agent, such as an enzyme, to chemically transform the PHA into a PHA derivative. The PHA, derivative then is separated from the mixture using, for example, a physical separation process such as distillation, extraction or chromatography. Advantageously, using the method, the plant oils, the PHAs and PHA derivatives can be recovered and purified on a large scale from oil containing plants such as transgenic oil crop plants.

Cette invention concerne des procédés permettant d'extraire des polyhydroxyalkanoates ("PHA") de végétaux tels que des plantes oléagineuses transgéniques. Ces procédés permettent avantageusement de récupérer à la fois les PHA et l'huile de la biomasse végétale. Dans une réalisation, afin d'isoler les PHA, on prétraite une biomasse dérivée d'une plante oléagineuse, par exemple en procédant à la mouture, l'écrasement ou l'aplatissement par rouleau. Puis on extrait l'huile de la biomasse en utilisant un premier solvant dans lequel l'huile est soluble et dans lequel les PHA ne sont pas fortement solubles de façon à extraire l'huile. On peut ensuite extraire la biomasse en utilisant un second solvant dans lequel le PHA est soluble, de façon à séparer PHA et biomasse. Une autre possibilité consiste à traiter la biomasse contenant les PHA avec un agent chimique ou biochimique, tel qu'un enzyme, de manière à transformer chimiquement le PHA en un dérivé de PHA. On extrait ensuite ce dérivé de PHA du mélange au moyen, par exemple, d'un processus de séparation physique du type distillation, extraction ou chromatographie. La mise en oeuvre de ce procédé permet, avantageusement, d'extraire et de purifier, à grande échelle, les huiles végétales, les PHA et dérivés de PHA, de végétaux contenant de l'huile tels que des végétaux oléagineux transgéniques.

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