Methods for purifying polyhydroxyalkanoates

C - Chemistry – Metallurgy – 12 – P

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C12P 7/62 (2006.01) C08G 63/06 (2006.01) C08G 63/89 (2006.01)

Patent

CA 2373131

A method is provided for isolating and purifying PHA from microbial or plant biomass that contains PHA. The method includes the step of extracting PHA from the biomass using at least one solvent while simultaneously subjecting the biomass to a filtration process to remove cells. In a preferred embodiment of the method, an aqueous slurry of the biomass is directly extracted by diafiltration using an organic solvent. In a preferred diafiltration process, an aqueous slurry of microbial cells comprising PHA is recirculated through a filtration membrane, wherein the membrane has a pore size sufficiently small to reject individual cells or such aggregates of cells as may exist in the slurry. As liquid is progressively removed from the biomass slurry (by flowing out from the filtration membrane), an organic solvent, preferably a water-miscible solvent that also is a solvent for the PHA, is added to the biomass slurry at a rate which approximates the rate of liquid permeation through the filter, thereby maintaining the volume of the biomass slurry. Impurities which are insoluble in water become dissolved in the solvent-water mixture and pass through the filter membrane, and when the organic solvent concentration reaches a certain level, the PHA becomes soluble and flows through the filtration membrane and can be desolventized to recover the polymer.

L'invention concerne un procédé permettant d'isoler et de purifier le PHA contenu dans une biomasse microbienne ou végétale contenant ce polymère. Ce procédé comprend les étapes suivantes: on extrait le PHA de la biomasse en utilisant au moins un solvant et on soumet simultanément la biomasse à un processus de filtration permettant d'extraire des cellules. Dans un mode de mise en oeuvre préféré, on extrait directement une suspension aqueuse de la biomasse par diafiltration au moyen d'un solvant organique. Dans un procédé de diafiltration préféré, une suspension aqueuse de cellules microbiennes contenant du PHA est recyclée à travers une membrane de filtration présentant un diamètre de pores suffisamment petit pour retenir les cellules individuelles ou les agrégats de cellules éventuellement présents dans la suspensions. A mesure que le liquide est éliminé de la biomasse en suspension (par passage à travers la membrane de filtration), on ajoute à la suspension de biomasse un solvant organique, de préférence miscible à l'eau, qui est également un solvant du PHA, à une vitesse correspondant environ à la vitesse de perméation du liquide à travers le filtre, de manière à maintenir un volume constant de suspension de biomasse. Les impuretés insolubles dans l'eau sont dissoutes dans le mélange sovant-eau et passent à travers la membrane du filtre et lorsque la concentration de solvant organique atteint un certain niveau, le PHA devient soluble et passe à travers la membrane de filtration, après quoi on le sépare du solvant afin de récupérer le polymère.

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