Neutron-driven element transmuter

G - Physics – 21 – G

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G21G 1/06 (2006.01)

Patent

CA 2294063

A material is exposed to a neutron flux by distributing it in a neutron- diffusing medium surrounding a neutron source. The diffusing medium is transparent to neutrons and so arranged that neutron scattering substantially enhances the neutron flux to which the material is exposed. Such enhanced neutron exposure may be used to produce useful radio- isotopes, in particular for medical applications, from the transmutation of readily-available isotopes included in the exposed material. It may also be used to efficiently transmute long-lived radioactive wastes, such as those recovered from spent nuclear fuel. The use of heavy elements, such as lead and/or bismuth, as the diffusing medium is particularly of interest, since it results in a slowly decreasing scan through the neutron energy spectrum, thereby permitting very efficient resonant neutron captures in the exposed material.

Selon l'invention, on expose une matière à un flux de neutrons en distribuant celle-ci dans un milieu de diffusion de neutrons, lequel entoure une source de neutrons. Ce milieu de diffusion est transparent aux neutrons et conçu de façon que la dispersion des neutrons accroisse sensiblement le flux des neutrons auquel la matière est exposée. Une exposition aux neutrons, ainsi accrue, peut servir à la production de radio-isotopes, notamment dans des applications médicales, à partir de la transmutation d'isotopes facilement disponibles, inclus dans la matière exposée. On peut également utiliser cette exposition pour effectuer une transmutation efficace de déchets nucléaires de longue durée de vie, tels ceux récupérés à partir d'un combustible nucléaire épuisé. L'utilisation d'éléments lourds, tels que du plomb et/ou du bismuth, en tant que milieu de diffusion de neutrons, revêt un intérêt tout particulier, car elle résulte en une décroissance lente d'exploration à travers le spectre d'énergie des neutrons et donc en des captures, fondées sur les résonances et très efficaces, de neutrons dans la matière exposée.

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