Noninvasive measurement of glucose through the optical...

A - Human Necessities – 61 – B

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A61B 5/00 (2006.01) G01N 21/35 (2006.01) G01N 21/31 (2006.01) G01N 21/33 (2006.01) G01N 21/65 (2006.01)

Patent

CA 2441078

Methods and apparatus for non-invasive determination of blood analytes, such as glucose, through NIR spectroscopy utilize optical properties of tissue as reflected in key spectroscopic features to improve measurement accuracy and precision. Physiological conditions such as changes in water distribution among tissue compartments lead to complex alterations in the measured absorbance spectrum of skin and reflect a modification in the effective pathlength of light, leading to a biased noninvasive glucose measurement. Changes (106) in the optical properties of tissue are detected by identifying key features responsive to physiological variations. Conditions (107) not conducive to non-invasive measurement of glucose are detected. Non-invasive glucose measurements that are biased by physiological changes in tissue are compensated (103). In an alternate embodiment, glucose is measured indirectly based on natural physiological response of tissue to glucose concentration. A spectroscopic device capable of such measurements is provided.

Méthodes et appareil pour la détermination non invasive d'analytes dans le sang, tels que le glucose, par spectroscopie NIR (de réflexion dans le proche infrarouge), en fonction des propriétés optiques de tissu, telles que celles réfléchies dans les caractéristiques spectroscopiques clés pour améliorer la précision de mesure. Les conditions physiologiques, telles que le changement de répartition de l'eau dans les compartiments du tissu, induisent des modifications complexes du spectre d'absorbance de la peau et reflètent une modification de la longueur de trajet effective de la lumière, ce qui induit une mesure du glucose non invasive faussée. Les changements de propriétés optiques du tissu sont détectés par l'identification de caractéristiques clés sensibles aux changements physiologiques. Les conditions non propices à la mesure non invasive du glucose sont détectées. Les mesures du glucose non invasives qui sont faussées par des changements physiologiques du tissu sont compensées. Dans un autre mode de réalisation, le glucose est mesuré indirectement en fonction de la réponse physiologique naturelle du tissu à la concentration de glucose. Un dispositif spectroscopique capable d'effectuer lesdites mesures est prévu.

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