G - Physics – 03 – H
Patent
G - Physics
03
H
G03H 1/04 (2006.01) G02B 5/18 (2006.01) G02B 5/32 (2006.01) G02B 6/02 (2006.01) G02B 6/124 (2006.01) G03H 1/12 (2006.01) G02B 6/12 (2006.01)
Patent
CA 2246258
The purpose of the invention is to take advantage of the high peak powers of short laser pulses to modify the bulk index of reaction of materials with minimal average power or least amount of heat deposition. Applications of high power femtosecond pulses are well known in this regard but generating the necessary intersecting beams to generate a complex structure requires the optical phases of the different beams remain constant or locked. Previously this phase locking of different beams requires an active feed back circuit to maintain equal beam lengths to a few 100 A's. This degree of precision can be achieved but it is sufficiently difficult that it can not be extended to multiple beams. We describe a simple optical system for holographic imaging of one-dimensional diffractive structures using ultrafast pulses. The invention can be simply adapted to image complex 3-d objects. In order to obtain spatiotemporal overlap of the laser pulses in the sample, tilted wavepackets are generated through the use of a diffractive optic beamsplitter. These wavepackets are imaged onto the sample with a spherical mirror with a 1:1 conjugate ratio to eliminate the effects of angular dispersion at the sample. This system will enable the use of ultrafast pulses in machining applications for writing periodic 1-D structures and more complex structures with a single laser slit and provides a method for fabricating strongly modulated, large-dimension periodic structures in non-UV- photosensitive materials. The extremely high phase stability Image drift for periods of hours to days) will also enable writing structures that require large accumulations of shots with a fixed pattern. Applications include rapid production of fibre optic wave guides and Bragg grating structures using undoped glass. As an example, this process would avoid the need of couplers from regular undoped fibre to doped WDM Bragg filters. The fibre could be a completely integrated system. Other important applications include the manufacture of any holographic volume diffractive element. Such optical components are typically produced using cromatized gelatin (eg. diffractive notch filters) and have finite storage times. Bulk fused silica diffractive optics would last essentially forever. Also critical the use of conventional glass avoids all the processing and ultra clean steps required for fixing gelatin storage media. Anyone could write diffractive elements in glass in single or multiple shot exposures using this approach. Basically any complex structure to full blown 3-d holograms could be permanently stored in robust glasses or even single crystals. As another example an important potential application would be eye surgery. A procedure can be carefully engineered into a diffractive optic and using this invention ensure the desired performance at every instance.
Goodno Greg D.
Miller R. J. Dwayne
Goodno Greg D.
Miller R. J. Dwayne
Photonics Research Ontario
Teitelbaum Neil
LandOfFree
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