Peptide prodrugs containing an alpha-hydroxyacid linker

C - Chemistry – Metallurgy – 07 – K

Patent

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C07K 19/00 (2006.01) A61K 47/48 (2006.01) C07K 1/04 (2006.01) C07K 1/107 (2006.01) C07K 17/00 (2006.01) A61K 38/00 (2006.01)

Patent

CA 2265454

Peptide prodrugs of the general formula (I): X-L-Z, wherein X designates a pharmaceutically active peptide sequence, e.g. Leu-enkephalin; Z designates a peptide pre-sequence of 2 to 20 amino acid units, preferably comprising lysine and glutamic acid; and L is a linking group comprising from 3 to 9 backbone atoms, wherein the bond between the C-terminal carbonyl of X and L is different from a C-N amide bond. Preferably, the bond between X and L is an ester bond. It has been found that it is possible to obtain a remarkable increase in the resistance towards degradation by proteolytic enzymes such as carboxypeptidase A, pepsin A, leucine aminopeptidase, .alpha.-chymotrypsin when masking a pharmaceutically active peptide as a prodrug of the formula (I). The prodrugs of formula (I) are cleaved by the blood plasma enzyme butyryl cholinesterase indicating a readily bioreversibility. It is believed that the stability towards enzymatic cleavage is due to an induced helix-like structure.

Promédicaments peptidiques de formule générale (I): X-L-Z, dans laquelle X représente une séquence peptidique pharmaceutiquement active, par ex. Leu-enképhaline; Z représente une pré-séquence peptidique comportant 2 à 20 motifs aminoacide, de préférence lysine et acide glutamique; et L représente un groupe de liaison comprenant 3 à 9 atomes du squelette, la liaison entre le carbonyle C-terminal de X et L étant différente de la liaison amide C-N. De préférence, la liaison entre X et L est une liaison ester. On a découvert qu'il était possible d'obtenir une augmentation remarquable de la résistance à la dégradation par des enzymes protéolytiques, par ex. carboxypeptidase A, pepsine A, leucine aminopeptidase, .alpha.-chymotrypsine, lorsqu'on masque un peptide pharmaceutiquement actif sous forme d'un promédicament de formule (I). Les promédicaments de formule (I) sont dissociés par l'enzyme de plasma sanguin, butyrylcholinestérase, ce qui indique une bonne bioréversibilité. La stabilité vis-à-vis de la dissociation enzymatique est vraisemblablement due à une structure hélicoïdale induite.

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