Polyionic insoluble hydrogels comprising xanthan

C - Chemistry – Metallurgy – 12 – N

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C12N 11/10 (2006.01) A61K 9/52 (2006.01) A61K 47/36 (2006.01)

Patent

CA 2146192

A method for the preparation of insoluble hydrogels from the complexation of polycations and xanthan is reported. Stable hydrogels capable of retaining between 65 and 95% weight water were prepared particularly with chitosan and xanthan. The water retention and properties of the hydrogels were studied as a function of the degree of acetylation of chitosan and the ratio chitosan/xanthan used in the preparation of the gel. The chitosan-xanthan complex was used to immobilize biological material. Hydrogels containing enzymes (for example endo-1,4-.beta.-xylanase and protease) either as single enzymes or as a binary system have been prepared. Immobilization varied between 85 and 98%. The immobilized xylanase activity was significantly greater with respect to the free enzyme while the binary enzyme system promoted protease activity. Other hydrogels prepared with polybasic drugs complexed to xanthan with or without chitosan have been prepared. These complexes slowly dissociate in acidic media and provide for sustained release of compounds in near neutral pHs. Gels containing chitosan are stable in all physiological pHs and the immobilized molecules are released therefrom by diffusion.

Divulgation d'une méthode de préparation d'hydrogels insolubles par la formation d'un complexe résultant de la liaison de polycations et de xanthane. On a synthétisé, notamment en partant de chitosane et de xanthane, des hydrogels stables capables de retenir entre 65 et 95 % d'eau, en poids. On a également étudié la capacité de rétention d'eau et les propriétés des hydrogels en fonction du degré d'acétylation du chitosane et du rapport chitosane/xanthane employé dans la préparation du gel. Le complexe chitosane-xanthane a servi à immobiliser du matériel biologique. On a préparé des hydrogels renfermant des enzymes (par exemple, endo-1,4-.bêta.-xylanase et protéase), soit un seul enzyme ou un système de deux enzymes. L'immobilisation variait de 85 à 98 %. L'activité de la xylanase immobilisée était significativement supérieure à de celle de l'enzyme libre, et, avec le système binaire, l'activité de la protéase était accrue. On a aussi synthétisé des hydrogels par la formation de complexes résultant de l'union de médicaments polybasiques au xanthame, avec ou sans présence de chitosane. Ces complexes se dissocient lentement en milieu acide et, en milieu quasi neutre, se dissocient à un rythme soutenu, en leurs éléments constitutifs. Les gels renfermant du chitosane sont stables dans la plage de pH physiologique, et les molécules immobilisées dans ces gels sont libérées par diffusion.

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