Process for activating polysaccharides, polysaccharides made...

C - Chemistry – Metallurgy – 08 – B

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C08B 1/00 (2006.01) C08B 1/06 (2006.01) C08B 30/12 (2006.01) C08B 37/00 (2006.01) C08B 37/08 (2006.01) D01F 2/02 (2006.01) D01F 2/24 (2006.01)

Patent

CA 2214245

The invention concerns a process for activating polysaccharides, wherein the polysaccharide starting material is brought into contact with liquid ammonia at an initial pressure which is higher than atmospheric pressure and at a temperature of at least approximately 25 ~C, the amount of liquid ammonia being sufficient at least for wetting the surface of the polysaccharide starting material which is then expanded. The volume available for the polysaccharide/liquid ammonia system is enlarged in the manner of an explosion by lowering the pressure by at least 5 bar. The process is particularly suitable for activating cellulose, guar gum, starch and chitin. The process enables cellulose to be modified in a novel manner. The activated polysaccharides display higher reactivity and improved elimination of reagents during acylation, alkylation, silylation, xanthogenation and carbomoylation with largely homogeneous reaction processes.

L'invention concerne un procédé permettant d'activer des polysaccharides, selon lequel le produit polysaccharide de départ est mis en contact avec de l'ammoniaque liquide, à une pression de départ plus élevée que la pression atmosphérique et à une température d'au moins 25 ·C, le volume d'ammoniaque liquide suffisant au moins à humidifier la surface du produit polysaccharide de départ, puis ledit produit saccharide de départ est détendu. Le volume disponible pour le système polysaccharide/ammoniaque liquide est augmenté sous forme d'explosion, par abaissement de la pression d'au moins 5 bar. Ce procédé s'utilise notamment pour activer de la cellulose, de la gomme de guar, de l'amidon et de la chitine. Ce procédé permet également de parvenir à un nouveau mode de modification de la cellulose. Les polysaccharides activés présentent une meilleure réactivité et un meilleur pouvoir d'appauvrissement des réactifs, lors de l'acylation, alkylation, silylation. xanthogénèse et carbamoylation, pour un processus réactionnel amplement homogène

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