Process for preparing aldehydes

C - Chemistry – Metallurgy – 07 – C

Patent

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Details

C07C 47/347 (2006.01) B01J 31/02 (2006.01) B01J 31/24 (2006.01) B01J 31/40 (2006.01) B01J 38/00 (2006.01) C07C 45/50 (2006.01) C07C 45/78 (2006.01) C07C 47/02 (2006.01) C07C 67/29 (2006.01) C07C 67/313 (2006.01) C07C 69/716 (2006.01) C07F 9/50 (2006.01)

Patent

CA 2204818

The present invention relates to a process for preparing aldehydes by hydroformylation of olefinically unsaturated compounds with hydrogen and carbon monoxide in homogeneous phase in the presence of a catalyst system comprising rhodium complex compounds and aromatic phosphines in a molar excess and separating off the catalyst system from the hydroformylation reaction mixture by pressure filtration on a semipermeable membrane of an aromatic polyamide. The process comprises carrying out the hydroformylation at a pH of 2.5 to 4.3 using a molar ratio of phosphine:rhodium of at least 60 and at a rhodium concentration of at least 10 ppm by weight, based on the olefinically unsaturated compound used, and using, as aromatic phosphines, special alkylammonium and/or aryl-ammonium salts of sulfonated or carboxylated triarylphosphines. The process according to the invention leads to excellent activities and selectivities in the hydroformylation step itself and also to high retention values in the membrane filtration step.

Méthode de préparation d'aldéhydes par hydroformylation de composés oléfiniques avec de l'hydrogène et du monoxyde de carbone dans une phase homogène, en présence d'un système catalytique renfermant des complexes du rhodium et des phosphines aromatiques en excès molaire, avec séparation du système catalytique du mélange de la réaction d'hydroformylation par filtration sous pression sur une membrane semiperméable de polyamide aromatique. La méthode consiste à effectuer l'hydroformylation à un pH de 2,5 à 4,3 en utilisant un rapport molaire phosphine/rhodium d'au moins 60, avec une concentration de rhodium d'au moins 10 ppm en poids, avec comme base les composés oléfiniques utilisés, et en employant, comme phosphines aromatiques, des sels d'alkylammonium et (ou) d'arylammonium de triarylphosphines sulfonées ou carboxylées. Selon l'invention, le procédé permet d'obtenir une excellente efficacité et sélectivité dans l'étape d'hydroformylation comme telle, et une rétention élevée dans l'étape de la filtration sur membrane.

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