Process for preparing butyl acrylate by direct esterification

C - Chemistry – Metallurgy – 07 – C

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C07C 69/54 (2006.01) C07C 67/03 (2006.01) C07C 67/08 (2006.01)

Patent

CA 2154940

In this esterification, catalyzed by H2SO4, the crude reaction mixture containing ester, butanol, acrylic acid, BUSO4H and traces of H2SO4 is obtained; BUSO4H is hydrolyzed (in R2) in H2SO4 using pure water or water generated during the reaction; after hydrolysis, the medium is separated (in D2) into an organic phase containing ester, butanol and part of the non-transformed acid, and an aqueous phase containing H2SO4 and the rest of the non-transformed acid; the organic phase is subjected to alkaline washing to neutralize the acrylic acid to obtain an alkali acrylate soluble in the aqueous phase; the neutralized organic phase is then subjected to water washing; the acid present in the form of an alkaline salt in the aqueous phase of the first basic neutralization is regenerated by the addition of the acid aqueous phase (8) resulting from the separation (in D2) of the hydrolysis step; the acid (10) thus regenerated in the aqueous phase is extracted (in C5) using a solvent selected from butanol, butyl acrylate or a mixture of butyl acrylate and butanol; the organic phase (13) recovered at the top of the extraction column (C5), containing primarily acid and butanol or ester or a mixture of butanol and ester, is recycled in the esterification reactor (R1); the aqueous phase (15) recovered at the bottom of the column (C5) is introduced as feed to a distillation column (C6) to recover the butanol (16) at the top, in order to recycle it upstream and eliminate the spent waters, which are virtually free of organic pollutants.

Dans cette estérification, catalysée par H2SO4, on obtient le mélange réactionnel brut comprenant de l'ester, du butanol, de l'acide acrylique, BUSO4H et des traces d'H2SO4; on hydrolyse (en R2) BUSO4H en H2SO4 à l'aide d'eau pure ou de l'eau générée au cours de la réaction; on décante (en D2) le milieu après hydrolyse en une phase organique contenant ester, butanol et une partie de l'acide non transformé; et une phase aqueuse contenant H2SO4 et le reste de l'acide non transformé ; on effectue un lavage alcalin de la phase organique pour neutraliser l'acide acrylique en acrylate alcalin soluble dans la phase aqueuse,puis un lavage à l'eau de la phase organique neutralisée; on régénère l'acide présent sous forme de sel alcalin dans la phase aqueuse de la 1ère neutralisation basique, par addition de la phase aqueuse acide (8) issue de la décantation (en D2) de l'étape d'hydrolyse ; on extrait (en C5) l'acide (10) ainsi régéneré dans cette phase aqueuse par un solvant choisi parmi le butanol, l'acrylate de butyle ou un mélange d'acrylate de butyle et de butanol ; on recycle dans le réacteur d'estérification (R1) la phase organique (13) obtenue en tête de colonne d'extraction (C5), contenant principalement de l'acide, et du butanol ou de l'ester ou un mélange de butanol et d'ester; on envoie la phase aqueuse (15) récupérée en pied de colonne (C5), en alimentation d'une colonne de distillation (C6) pour récupérer le butanol (16) en tête, en vue de le recycler en amont et d'éliminer les eaux épuisées, pratiquement exemptes de pollution organique.

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