Process for preparing nitriles by elimination reactions

Details Process for preparing nitriles by elimination reactions Process for preparing nitriles by elimination reactions

C - Chemistry, Metallurgy

07

C

C07C 253/20 (2006.01)

Patent

CA 2616458

Process for preparing nitriles of the formula (II): R-C.ident.N by reacting N- alkylcarboxamides (RCO-NHR1) or ammonium salts of carboxylic acids (RCOO- NH3R1+) or carboxylic acids in the presence of alkylamines or ammonium salts (RCOOH +NH2R1, RCOOH + NH3R1+), respectively, R being an arbitrarily substituted linear or branched C1-C12- alkyl radical, a C3-C12 cycloalkyl radical or an alkenyl, alkynyl or aryl or heteroaryl radical and R1 being an arbitrary substituted, linear or branched C2-C1 alkyl radical, a C3-C12 cycloalkyl radical or an alkenyl or alkynyl radical, with phosphonic anhydrides in the presence if desired of a base in an organic solvent at a temperature in the range from -30 to 180~C. The phosphonic anhydride used is in particular a 2,4,6-substituted 1,3,5,2,4,6-trioxathiaphosphinane 2,4,6- thoxide of the formula (I).

L'invention concerne un procédé permettant de produire des nitriles de formule (II), par réaction d'amides d'acide N-alkylcarboxylique (RCO-NHR1) ou de sels d'ammonium d'acides carboxyliques (RCOO-NH3R1+) ou d'acides carboxyliques en présence d'alkylamines ou de sels d'ammonium (RCOOH + NH2R1, RCOOH + NH3R1+), R désignant un reste alkyle C1-C12 quelconque linéaire ou ramifié substitué, un reste cycloalkyle C3-C12, alkényle, alkynyle ou aryle ou hétéroaryle et R1 désignant un reste alkyle quelconque linéaire ou ramifié substitué, un reste alkyle C2-C12, un reste cycloalkyle C3-C12, alkényle, alkynyle, avec des anhydrides d'acide phosphonique éventuellement en présence d'une base dans un solvant organique, à une température de l'ordre de 30 à 180 °C. L'anhydride d'acide phosphonique utilisé est en particulier un 2,4,6-trioxyde de 1,3,5,2,4,6-trioxatriphosphinane 2,4,6-substitué de formule (I)

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