Process for producing gamma-lactones

C - Chemistry – Metallurgy – 12 – P

Patent

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Details

260/366, 195/86,

C12P 17/04 (2006.01) C07D 307/20 (2006.01) C12P 7/42 (2006.01)

Patent

CA 2004081

The invention provides a process for producing gamma-lactones useful for incorporation in flavourings and fragrances, wherein a micro-organism which is acceptable for making food grade products and which does not metabolize gamma-lactones, is cultured aerobically in a culture medium containing as the substrate a hydroxy fatty acid having an even number 4 of carbon atoms between the carboxyl group and the carbon atom carrying the hydroxy group. The preferred micro-organism is a Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Debaromyces hansenii or Candida boidinii species. The gamma-hydroxy-alkanoic acid reaction product of the process is lactonized either in the fermentation broth or after separation therefrom. Especially suitable are 12-hydroxy fatty acids such as ricinoleic acid. The hydroxy fatty acid may be added either pure or as the mixture obtained by hydrolysis of an ester thereof. Enzymatic hydrolysis of such ester may be done in situ in the fermentation broth.

L'invention porte sur une méthode de production de gamma-lactones pouvant être incorporées dans des aromatisants et des parfums, où un microorganisme qui est acceptable pour l'obtention de produits de qualité alimentaire et qui ne métabolise pas les gamma-lactones, est cultivé par voie aérobie dans un milieu de culture renfermant comme substrat un acide gras hydroxylé possédant un nombre pair de 4 atomes de carbone entre le groupe carboxyle et l'atome de carbone portant le groupe hydroxy. Comme microorganismes, on privilégie les espèces Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Debaromyces hansenii ou Candida boidinii. Le produit de réaction de l'acide gamma-hydroxyalcanoïque du procédé est lactonisé soit dans le bouillon de fermentation ou après séparation de ce dernier. Les acides gras hydroxylés en 12, notamment l'acide ricinoléique, sont particulièrement utiles. L'acide gras hydroxylé peut être ajouté soit à l'état pur, soit sous forme de mélange obtenu par hydrolyse d'un ester de cet acide. L'hydrolyse enzymatique d'un ester de ce type peut être faite dans le bouillon de fermentation.

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